Semitism and philological analysis<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\nIn the first centuries of the Christian era, it was known that at least two canonical Gospels had been written in a Semitic language (Hebrew or Aramaic). However, until Erasmus of Rotterdam (1518), the memory of this older stratum was lost, \"hidden\" under the Greek language in which the texts have come down to us. Since then, modern philological studies have made it possible to reconstruct the traces of its original Semitic structure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
These traces, called \"Semitisms\", are of various kinds (borrowings, syntax, style, vocabulary, etc.). Jean Carmignac, thanks to his studies on the language of Qumran and on the works of the Jewish masters of the so-called intertestamental period, has come to the conclusion that the synoptic Gospels, in particular Mark and Matthew, must have been written first in Hebrew (not in Aramaic) and then translated into Greek. In retranslating the Greek text into Hebrew, assonances, rhymes and poetic structures absent in the Greek prose emerge.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
This would advance the dating of the Gospels by at least two decades, bringing them even closer to the events narrated and to the direct witnesses. It also places Jesus (and scholars such as John W. Wenham or several Israeli Jewish experts, including David Flusser, insist on this) in a context more in harmony with the Jewish environment of the time, as confirmed by the Qumran manuscripts. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Let's look at a couple of examples of semitisms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
When we read in the Gospels that Jesus had brothers, the term 'brother', the Greek \"\u03b1\u03b4\u03b5\u03bb\u03c6\u03cc\u03c2\" (\"adelph\u00f3s) translates the Hebrew and Aramaic \"\u05d0\u05b8\u05d7\" (a\u1e25), by which, however, in the Semitic sense, not only 'Germanic' brothers are meant, but also 'unilateral' brothers, cousins, relatives in general, members of the same clan, tribe or people. Even in modern Hebrew there is no term for a cousin: he is simply called 'uncle's son'.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Or again (Matthew 3:9): \"I tell you that from these stones God is able to raise up true children to Abraham\" (Matthew 3:9).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
In Greek: \"\u03bb\u03ad\u03b3\u03c9 \u03b3\u1f70\u03c1 \u1f51\u03bc\u1fd6\u03bd \u1f45\u03c4\u03b9 \u03b4\u03cd\u03bd\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03b9 \u1f41 \u03b8\u03b5\u1f78\u03c2 \u1f10\u03ba \u03c4\u1ff6\u03bd \u03bb\u03af\u03b8\u03c9\u03bd \u03c4\u03bf\u03cd\u03c4\u03c9\u03bd \u1f10\u03b3\u03b5\u1fd6\u03c1\u03b1\u03b9 \u03c4\u03ad\u03ba\u03bd\u03b1 \u03c4\u1ff7 \u1f08\u03b2\u03c1\u03b1\u03ac\u03bc\"; \"Lego gar hym\u00ecn oti dynatai o Theos ek ton lithon touton egeirai tekna to Abraam.\"<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\nIn Hebrew (a possible translation): \"\u05d0\u05dc\u05d5\u05d4\u05d9\u05dd \u05d9\u05db\u05d5\u05dc \u05dc\u05e2\u05e9\u05d5\u05ea \u05de\u05df \u05d4\u05d0\u05d1\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05d1\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05d4\u05d0\u05dc\u05d4 \u05d1\u05e0\u05d9\u05dd \u05dc\u05d0\u05d1\u05e8\u05d4\"; \"Eloh\u00ecm yakh\u00f2l la'as\u00f2t min ha-<\/em>aban\u00ecm<\/em><\/strong> ha-'ele <\/em>ban\u00ecm<\/em><\/strong> le-Avrah\u00e0m\".<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\nAs can be seen, only in the Hebrew version there is assonance between the term \"sons\" (\"ban\u00ecm\") and the term stones (\"aban\u00ecm\"). And not only that: this play of rhyming words fits perfectly with the technique of transmitting teachings based on assonance, alliteration, parables, oxymorons and juxtapositions (the famous camel passing through the eye of a needle) that the Tanna\u00ecm used to make their maxims memorized.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
The example just given may also be present in Aramaic (\"stones\": 'ebnaya; \"sons\": banaya), but many are only in Hebrew.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Por \u00abcanon b\u00edblico\u00bb se entienden los libros reconocidos como textos sagrados por la Iglesia. El t\u00e9rmino deriva del griego \u03ba\u03b1\u03bd\u03ce\u03bd (\u201ckanon\u201d, \u00abca\u00f1a\u00bb o \u00abpalo recto\u00bb) e indicaba primero una unidad de medida, luego, por extensi\u00f3n, pas\u00f3 a definir un cat\u00e1logo oficial, un modelo. \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 existen esos libros en el canon del Nuevo Testamento de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2244,"featured_media":12302,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[537],"tags":[811],"class_list":["post-49577","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recursos","tag-biblia"],"yoast_head":"\n
Jes\u00fas y el canon b\u00edblico<\/title>\n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n \n\t \n\t \n\t \n \n \n \n\t \n\t \n\t \n