{"id":13844,"date":"2021-07-17T05:35:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-17T04:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/omnesmag.com\/?p=13844"},"modified":"2021-07-17T07:58:27","modified_gmt":"2021-07-17T06:58:27","slug":"le-discours-haineux-peut-etre-rejete-avec-dispute-heureux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/fr\/firmas\/el-discurso-del-odio-puede-ser-rechazado-con-la-disputa-a-feliz\/","title":{"rendered":"Les discours de haine peuvent \u00eatre rejet\u00e9s : avec un \"happy dispute\"."},"content":{"rendered":"

Chaque jour, et ce n'est pas nouveau, nous avons l'exp\u00e9rience de conversations pol\u00e9miques sur le net o\u00f9 chacun tente d'imposer son point de vue sur tous les sujets qui font d\u00e9bat dans l'opinion publique, des vaccins au match de son \u00e9quipe nationale de football, des questions sensibles, qui rel\u00e8vent de la sph\u00e8re spirituelle, aux choix politiques souvent contre-productifs. Tout est attribu\u00e9, comme nous le lisons, au contenant du discours de haine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En effet, chacun d'entre nous a une capacit\u00e9 inn\u00e9e de persuasion (vouloir convaincre l'autre de la \"bont\u00e9\" de ses id\u00e9es) mais nous privil\u00e9gions le r\u00e9sultat plut\u00f4t que la mani\u00e8re d'y parvenir. Nous oublions que l'esprit du d\u00e9bat est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment de ne jamais mettre un \"point final\" \u00e0 la discussion, mais de l'alimenter continuellement avec de nouvelles opinions, points de vue et stimuli, dans un processus de contre-argumentation constant et fructueux pour chacun des participants.<\/p>\n\n\n

\n\t

Chacun d'entre nous a une capacit\u00e9 inn\u00e9e de persuasion, mais nous privil\u00e9gions le r\u00e9sultat plut\u00f4t que la mani\u00e8re d'y parvenir.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n\tGiovanni Tridente<\/span><\/cite>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n

Comment est-il alors possible d'\u00eatre en d\u00e9saccord dans une conversation, de g\u00e9n\u00e9rer un d\u00e9bat qui puisse \u00eatre r\u00e9ellement persuasif pour les interlocuteurs et l'auditoire, sans tomber dans les \"d\u00e9viations\" de l'argumentation ? La proposition du philosophe italien Bruno Mastroianni, contenue dans son livre La dispute heureuse Comment \u00eatre en d\u00e9saccord sans se battre sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux, dans les m\u00e9dias et en public.<\/a><\/em> (Rialp) a pour principe directeur \"de maintenir l'attention, l'\u00e9nergie et la concentration sur les questions et les th\u00e8mes en jeu, sans rompre la relation entre les deux pr\u00e9tendants, pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment pour se nourrir de la diff\u00e9rence qui se pr\u00e9sente\", souligne Mastroianni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

La dispute heureuse consiste \u00e0 agir \u00e0 trois niveaux pour cr\u00e9er un climat propice \u00e0 la confrontation et \u00e0 la bonne persuasion. Le premier niveau consiste \u00e0 surmonter la mentalit\u00e9 de confrontation \u00e0 laquelle les m\u00e9dias nous ont habitu\u00e9s. Le deuxi\u00e8me niveau consiste \u00e0 choisir consciemment des formes d'expression sp\u00e9cifiques dans la conversation avec l'autre, en \u00e9vitant, par exemple, la dissociation (\"ce n'est pas vrai\", \"c'est faux\", \"c'est faux\"), l'indignation (\"je ne tol\u00e9rerai pas que cela soit dit\", \"c'est du jamais vu\"), les jugements ad hominem (\"vous avez tort\", \"vous ne comprenez pas\"), les g\u00e9n\u00e9ralisations (\"c'est typique de vous, catholiques\/ath\u00e9es\/\u00e9trangers\/enseignants\") ou les discours de haine..... car ce sont toutes des approches conflictuelles qui ont un effet belliqueux sur l'auditeur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Enfin, nous devons apprendre \u00e0 mettre de c\u00f4t\u00e9 les expressions qui provoquent une r\u00e9action hostile chez l'autre, en exer\u00e7ant, si n\u00e9cessaire, un sain \"pouvoir d'ignorer\", conscients que souvent, et surtout sur le net, la \"non-r\u00e9ponse\" est, en soi, un message, probablement encore plus efficace qu'une r\u00e9action explicite \u00e0 la provocation re\u00e7ue.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans un livre ult\u00e9rieur -Contentieux si n\u00e9cessaire<\/a><\/em>Mastroianni va plus loin et r\u00e9sume les principales vertus de l'argument dans les doigts de la main, avec une image que nous consid\u00e9rons comme r\u00e9ussie, sugg\u00e9rant que la dispute heureuse est quelque chose \"\u00e0 port\u00e9e de main\" et que tout le monde peut la mettre en pratique.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L'auriculaire rappelle l'humilit\u00e9, la valeur des limites, pour dire que \"nous ne sommes capables de soutenir sans nous disputer que le peu que nous sommes et que nous savons\" ; l'annulaire, celui de l'alliance, rappelle le lien, donc la valeur de la confiance pour ne pas se disperser en dissertant, conscients qu'il faut \"soigner avant tout la relation entre les personnes\" ; le majeur rappelle, au contraire, la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de rejeter l'agressivit\u00e9, en d\u00e9samor\u00e7ant les insultes et les provocations pour rester sur le sujet de la dispute ; l'index est celui qui choisit ce sur quoi on se concentre et est donc \u00e9troitement li\u00e9 au sujet, pour autant qu'il soit objectif, concret, pertinent et coh\u00e9rent ; enfin, le pouce, le doigt \" like \" sur les r\u00e9seaux sociaux, est vraiment valoris\u00e9 lorsque dans la dispute, le doigt est orient\u00e9 vers soi, comme une forme d'auto-ironie, c'est-\u00e0-dire avoir la capacit\u00e9 de vivre les choses avec d\u00e9tachement sans prendre trop au s\u00e9rieux son opinion et celle des autres, en somme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tout cela en sachant que la dispute, pour \u00eatre vraiment heureuse, doit \u00eatre continue, car il n'y a pas de questions qui ne puissent \u00eatre discut\u00e9es et il n'y a pas de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 qui ne puisse \u00eatre trouv\u00e9e par des moyens rh\u00e9toriques, toujours susceptibles de nouveaux accords et de nouvelles reformulations.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Todos los d\u00edas, y esto no es nuevo, tenemos experiencia de conversaciones pol\u00e9micas en la red en las que cada uno trata de imponer su punto de vista sobre cada tema que se debate en la opini\u00f3n p\u00fablica, desde las vacunas hasta el partido de la selecci\u00f3n nacional de f\u00fatbol de cada uno, desde cuestiones […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":13845,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[47],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-13844","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-firmas"],"yoast_head":"\nEl discurso del odio puede ser rechazado: con la \u2018disputa feliz\u2019 - Omnes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El di\u00e1logo enriquecedor en las redes sociales s\u00f3lo es posible haciendo un esfuerzo personal por evitar las confrontaciones directas.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/fr\/signatures\/le-discours-haineux-peut-etre-rejete-avec-dispute-heureux\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"El discurso del odio puede ser rechazado: con la \u2018disputa feliz\u2019 - 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