{"id":31900,"date":"2023-06-20T05:25:00","date_gmt":"2023-06-20T04:25:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/omnesmag.com\/?p=31900"},"modified":"2025-11-17T14:33:16","modified_gmt":"2025-11-17T12:33:16","slug":"croix-des-ongles-de-coventry","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/fr\/actualidad\/cruz-de-clavos-de-coventry\/","title":{"rendered":"La \"Croix des clous\" de Coventry"},"content":{"rendered":"
Dans la nuit du 14 au 15 novembre 1940, l'arm\u00e9e de l'air allemande (Luftwaffe) a bombard\u00e9 la ville anglaise de Coventry dans le cadre de la \"bataille d'Angleterre\" de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Coventry, ville situ\u00e9e \u00e0 153 kilom\u00e8tres au nord-ouest de Londres, abritait de grandes entreprises qui fournissaient l'arm\u00e9e de l'air britannique (Royal Air Force, RAF), qu'Hitler tentait de neutraliser comme condition pr\u00e9alable \u00e0 l'occupation pr\u00e9vue. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Cette nuit-l\u00e0, 449 avions de bombardement ont largu\u00e9 des centaines de milliers de bombes ; 550 personnes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 tu\u00e9es et plusieurs milliers bless\u00e9es. La ville et la cath\u00e9drale anglicane ont \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9duites \u00e0 l'\u00e9tat de ruines. La cath\u00e9drale est rest\u00e9e dans son \u00e9tat de ruine comme un symbole des terribles cons\u00e9quences du bombardement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mais la cath\u00e9drale de Coventry a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 le th\u00e9\u00e2tre d'un symbole, non pas de destruction, mais de r\u00e9conciliation. Lors des travaux d'enl\u00e8vement, de gros clous en fer ont \u00e9t\u00e9 trouv\u00e9s dans les d\u00e9combres, qui soutenaient \u00e0 l'origine les lourdes poutres de la vo\u00fbte de la nef depuis le XIVe si\u00e8cle. Trois de ces clous ont \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9s pour former une croix. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
C'est ainsi qu'est n\u00e9 le symbole de la \"Croix des clous\" \u00e0 Coventry, qui se dresse toujours sur l'autel en ruine et qui devait \u00eatre le symbole originel d'un mouvement de r\u00e9conciliation. Dans son discours radiodiffus\u00e9 de No\u00ebl 1940, le doyen de l'\u00e9poque, Richard Howard, a appel\u00e9 les Anglais, depuis les ruines de la cath\u00e9drale, \u00e0 ne pas chercher \u00e0 se venger, mais \u00e0 \u0153uvrer pour la r\u00e9conciliation. Peu apr\u00e8s, il fit inscrire les mots FATHER FORGIVE sur le mur du ch\u0153ur en ruines.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dresde, Berlin et Hambourg<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Depuis Coventry, des \"croix \u00e0 clous\" ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 \u00eatre envoy\u00e9es aux villes allemandes d\u00e9truites pendant la guerre, en l'occurrence par les avions britanniques et am\u00e9ricains. Les villes de Dresde, Berlin et Hambourg rev\u00eatent une importance particuli\u00e8re. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u00c0 Dresde, les raids a\u00e9riens britannico-am\u00e9ricains du 13 au 15 f\u00e9vrier 1945 ont compl\u00e8tement d\u00e9truit la ville, y compris la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre Frauenkirche, qui n'a \u00e9t\u00e9 reconstruite qu'en 2005. <\/p>\n\n\n
\nCroix \u00e0 clous. \u00c9glise comm\u00e9morative de Berlin<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
\u00c0 Berlin, c'est l'\u00e9glise comm\u00e9morative - ainsi appel\u00e9e parce que l'empereur Guillaume II l'a fait construire en m\u00e9moire de son grand-p\u00e8re Guillaume Ier - qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 laiss\u00e9e en ruines apr\u00e8s les raids a\u00e9riens de la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Apr\u00e8s la guerre, de nouveaux b\u00e2timents modernes ont \u00e9t\u00e9 associ\u00e9s aux ruines de l'une des tours. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
L'\u00e9glise Saint-Nicolas de Hambourg a \u00e9galement \u00e9t\u00e9 laiss\u00e9e en ruines en guise de m\u00e9morial. Dans ces trois \u00e9glises, on trouve encore des croix clout\u00e9es.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Le mouvement s'est \u00e9tendu et en 1974 a \u00e9t\u00e9 fond\u00e9e la \"Communaut\u00e9 internationale de la Croix des Clous\", qui s'\u00e9tend sur les cinq continents, des pays europ\u00e9ens comme la Bosnie-Herz\u00e9govine \u00e0 l'Australie, en passant par les \u00c9tats-Unis et le Canada, la Jordanie et le Soudan. Son objectif principal est de \"gu\u00e9rir les blessures de l'histoire\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dans la pri\u00e8re de r\u00e9conciliation<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
La communaut\u00e9 internationale de la croix des clous est spirituellement unie par trois \u00e9l\u00e9ments : tout d'abord, ce que l'on appelle la \"croix des clous\". pri\u00e8re de r\u00e9conciliation<\/em>La Croix des Clous, formul\u00e9e en 1958 et pri\u00e9e depuis lors le vendredi \u00e0 12 heures dans les ruines de l'ancienne cath\u00e9drale de Coventry et dans de nombreux \"centres de la Croix des Clous\" \u00e0 travers le monde :<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Tous ont p\u00e9ch\u00e9 et n'ont pas atteint la gloire de Dieu (Rm 3,23).<\/em><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
La haine qui divise nation contre nation, race contre race, classe contre classe,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00e8re, pardonne-moi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Le d\u00e9sir avide des peuples et des nations de poss\u00e9der ce qui ne leur appartient pas,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00e8re, pardonne-moi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
L'ambition qui exploite le travail des hommes et des femmes et d\u00e9vaste la terre,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00e8re, pardonne-moi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Notre envie du bien-\u00eatre et du bonheur des autres,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00e8re, pardonne-moi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Notre indiff\u00e9rence au sort des sans-abri et des personnes d\u00e9plac\u00e9es,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00e8re, pardonne-moi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Une cupidit\u00e9 qui d\u00e9shonore le corps des hommes, des femmes et des enfants,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
P\u00e8re, pardonne-moi.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n
L'orgueil qui nous pousse \u00e0 n'avoir confiance qu'en nous-m\u00eames, et non en Dieu,<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Mais soyez bons les uns envers les autres, tendres, vous pardonnant mutuellement, comme Dieu vous a pardonn\u00e9 dans le Christ (Eph. 4,32).<\/em>\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Service commun pour la r\u00e9conciliation et Saint Beno\u00eet<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Le deuxi\u00e8me \u00e9l\u00e9ment est le \"service commun pour la r\u00e9conciliation dans les zones de conflit du monde\" et le troisi\u00e8me, ce que l'on appelle la \"r\u00e8gle de vie\", qui trouve son origine dans la r\u00e8gle de saint Beno\u00eet de Nursie : \"La pri\u00e8re et le travail (ora et labora), la pi\u00e9t\u00e9 et la vie sont compris comme une unit\u00e9\".<\/p>\n\n\n
\n<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n
La \"Communaut\u00e9 de la Croix des Clous en Allemagne\" (\"Nagelkreuzgemeinschaft in Deutschland e.V.\") a \u00e9t\u00e9 fond\u00e9e en 1991 en tant que communaut\u00e9 \u0153cum\u00e9nique. Elle compte actuellement 78 centres, principalement des \u00e9glises \u00e9vang\u00e9liques, mais aussi quelques \u00e9glises catholiques comme Sainte-Barbara \u00e0 Munich, ainsi que d'autres institutions d\u00e9di\u00e9es \u00e0 la m\u00e9moire historique. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Dans son programme, il est dit : \"La croix des clous nous met encore et toujours au d\u00e9fi, nous les Allemands, de faire face \u00e0 notre pass\u00e9 et au pr\u00e9sent tendu dans un esprit de v\u00e9rit\u00e9 et de r\u00e9conciliation. Dans les villes o\u00f9 nous vivons, nous voulons vivre \"l'esprit de Coventry\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n
Les derni\u00e8res institutions \u00e0 avoir re\u00e7u la \"croix de clous\" de Coventry en Allemagne sont l'\u00e9glise \u00e9vang\u00e9lique St. Michael \u00e0 Jena, qui est devenue le 77e centre symbolique de la communaut\u00e9 allemande ; le 19 mars, elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 remise par le doyen de Coventry John Witcombe. Plus r\u00e9cemment, le 29 mai, John Witcombe a remis une croix \u00e0 clous \u00e0 la cath\u00e9drale \u00e9vang\u00e9lique de Brunswick (Braunschweig).<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
En la noche del 14 al 15 de noviembre de 1940, la aviaci\u00f3n alemana (Luftwaffe) bombardea la ciudad inglesa de Coventry, en el contexto de la denominada \u201cBatalla de Inglaterra\u201d de la Segunda Guerra Mundial. En Coventry, ciudad situada a 153 kil\u00f3metros al noroeste de Londres, ten\u00edan su sede grandes empresas que abastec\u00edan a la […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":399,"featured_media":31902,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[36,39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31900","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualidad","category-cultura"],"yoast_head":"\n
La \u201ccruz de clavos\u201c de Coventry<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"De la catedral de Coventry surgi\u00f3 un s\u00edmbolo de reconciliaci\u00f3n: Unas cruces realizadas con los clavos de la gran cruz de la antigua sede.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/fr\/nouvelles\/croix-des-ongles-de-coventry\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La \u201ccruz de clavos\u201c de Coventry\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"De la catedral de Coventry surgi\u00f3 un s\u00edmbolo de reconciliaci\u00f3n: Unas cruces realizadas con los clavos de la gran cruz de la antigua sede.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/fr\/nouvelles\/croix-des-ongles-de-coventry\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Omnes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2023-06-20T04:25:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-11-17T12:33:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/06\/Nagelkreuz_Frauenkirche-Dresden.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"526\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Jos\u00e9 M. 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