{"id":3352,"date":"2018-05-03T10:54:21","date_gmt":"2018-05-03T09:54:21","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/?p=3352"},"modified":"2025-05-26T09:51:05","modified_gmt":"2025-05-26T07:51:05","slug":"le-mythe-de-1968","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/fr\/actualidad\/el-mito-de-1968\/","title":{"rendered":"Le mythe de mai 1968"},"content":{"rendered":"

Les \u00e9v\u00e9nements de 1968 sont devenus un mythe, qui fait l'objet de diverses interpr\u00e9tations : s'agissait-il d'une \"r\u00e9volution\" ou d'un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne suppl\u00e9mentaire dans une crise plus large ?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

TEXTE - On\u00e9simo D\u00edaz
Chercheur et enseignant en \"Histoire, culture et christianisme au XXe si\u00e8cle\" \u00e0 l'Universit\u00e9 de Navarre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

68 a fait l'objet de toutes sortes d'interpr\u00e9tations. Les \u00e9v\u00e9nements sont devenus un mythe, et il ne semble pas facile d'analyser froidement ce qui s'est pass\u00e9 et pourquoi ce qui s'est pass\u00e9 autour de Mai 68 s'est produit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dans les ann\u00e9es 1960, les jeunes occidentaux n'\u00e9taient pas \u00e0 l'aise avec le mode de vie de leurs parents. La g\u00e9n\u00e9ration du baby-boom, n\u00e9e apr\u00e8s la Seconde Guerre mondiale, s'est rebell\u00e9e contre un syst\u00e8me de valeurs terne et d\u00e9pass\u00e9. Ces les jeunes<\/a>Les jeunes hommes, \u00e9duqu\u00e9s au bien-\u00eatre \u00e9conomique et ayant acc\u00e8s \u00e0 l'universit\u00e9, se sont d\u00e9clar\u00e9s anticonformistes et ont protest\u00e9 contre tout pouvoir et toute autorit\u00e9. Les gar\u00e7ons ont abandonn\u00e9 les blazers et les cravates pour s'habiller en jeans et en vestes de style militaire, tandis que les filles ont troqu\u00e9 les talons hauts et les robes longues pour des pantalons et des mini-jupes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cette g\u00e9n\u00e9ration a \u00e9t\u00e9 attir\u00e9e par les id\u00e9es gauchistes <\/a>et anticapitaliste. Leurs principales r\u00e9f\u00e9rences sont Marx, Freud, Mao et Marcuse. De ces quatre, le plus influent est le philosophe juif Herbert Marcuse, qui a quitt\u00e9 l'\u00e9cole de Francfort apr\u00e8s l'arriv\u00e9e au pouvoir d'Hitler. Ce professeur, expuls\u00e9 de plusieurs universit\u00e9s am\u00e9ricaines pour philo-communisme, appelle les \u00e9tudiants, les minorit\u00e9s raciales et les travailleurs \u00e0 lutter contre le pouvoir \u00e9tabli. En 1967, il est applaudi et f\u00e9licit\u00e9 lors de conf\u00e9rences en Allemagne et en France. Son message en faveur de la lib\u00e9ration sexuelle est repris par une frange agit\u00e9e des \u00e9tudiants universitaires du monde entier. \u00c0 partir du printemps 1968, les manifestations contre la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 imp\u00e9rialiste, belliciste et capitaliste se succ\u00e8dent dans diverses universit\u00e9s occidentales. Les id\u00e9es de Marcuse s'\u00e9taient r\u00e9pandues et popularis\u00e9es au point d'inventer le slogan : sex, drugs and rock and roll (sexe, drogue et rock and roll). \u00c0 l'\u00e9poque, les mouvements contre-culturels (hippies et rockers) incitaient \u00e0 la r\u00e9bellion contre la culture traditionnelle. Les jeunes s'identifient au message anticonformiste de Marcuse et veulent tout changer, anim\u00e9s par le d\u00e9sir d'exp\u00e9rimenter sans barri\u00e8res ni r\u00e8gles.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Les \u00e9v\u00e9nements de 1968 sont devenus un mythe, qui fait l'objet de diverses interpr\u00e9tations : s'agissait-il d'une \"r\u00e9volution\" ou d'un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne suppl\u00e9mentaire dans une crise plus large ?<\/p>","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":6723,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[36],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3352","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualidad"],"yoast_head":"\nMayo de 1968 | Hechos, interpretaciones, debates teol\u00f3gicos<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Los hechos de 1968 se han transformado en un mito, para el que se ofrecen diversas interpretaciones.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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