{"id":47949,"date":"2025-05-08T20:41:12","date_gmt":"2025-05-08T18:41:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/?p=47949"},"modified":"2025-11-28T15:02:10","modified_gmt":"2025-11-28T13:02:10","slug":"profil-biographique-du-pape","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/fr\/actualidad\/perfil-biografico-del-papa\/","title":{"rendered":"Profil biographique du pape"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le 8 mai 2025, le cardinal am\u00e9ricain Robert Francis Prevost a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lu 267e souverain pontife de l'\u00c9glise catholique, sous le nom de L\u00e9on XIV. Cette \u00e9lection marque un tournant historique, puisqu'il s'agit du premier pape n\u00e9 en Am\u00e9rique du Nord, refl\u00e9tant ainsi la diversit\u00e9 g\u00e9ographique croissante au sein du Coll\u00e8ge des cardinaux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Origine et formation<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e9 le 14 septembre 1955 \u00e0 Chicago, Illinois. Fils de Louis Marius Prevost, d'origine fran\u00e7aise et italienne, et de Mildred Martinez, d'origine espagnole.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Il a fait ses \u00e9tudes secondaires au petit s\u00e9minaire de l'Ordre de Saint-Augustin, puis a obtenu une licence en math\u00e9matiques \u00e0 l'Universit\u00e9 de Paris. Universit\u00e9 de Villanova<\/a> en 1977. Il est entr\u00e9 dans l'Ordre de Saint-Augustin en 1977 et a prononc\u00e9 ses v\u0153ux solennels en 1981. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 ordonn\u00e9 pr\u00eatre en 1982 par l'archev\u00eaque Jean Jadot. Il a poursuivi sa formation \u00e0 Rome, o\u00f9 il a obtenu une licence et un doctorat en droit canonique \u00e0 l'Universit\u00e9 pontificale Saint-Thomas d'Aquin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mission au P\u00e9rou<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En 1985, la Pr\u00e9v\u00f4t\u00e9 a commenc\u00e9 son travail missionnaire \u00e0 l'\u00e9tranger. P\u00e9rou<\/a>Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 chancelier de la pr\u00e9lature territoriale de Chulucanas. Entre 1988 et 1998, il a dirig\u00e9 le s\u00e9minaire augustinien de Trujillo, enseign\u00e9 le droit canonique au s\u00e9minaire dioc\u00e9sain et exerc\u00e9 les fonctions de juge au tribunal eccl\u00e9siastique r\u00e9gional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son engagement aupr\u00e8s de la communaut\u00e9 p\u00e9ruvienne l'a conduit \u00e0 obtenir la nationalit\u00e9 p\u00e9ruvienne en 2015, consolidant ainsi son identit\u00e9 multiculturelle.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En 2014, le pape Fran\u00e7ois l'a nomm\u00e9 administrateur apostolique du dioc\u00e8se de Chiclayo et \u00e9v\u00eaque titulaire de Sufar. Il est consacr\u00e9 \u00e9v\u00eaque en d\u00e9cembre de la m\u00eame ann\u00e9e et, en 2015, devient \u00e9v\u00eaque de Chiclayo. Son travail pastoral et administratif au P\u00e9rou lui a valu d'\u00eatre reconnu au sein de l'\u00c9glise.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Arriv\u00e9e \u00e0 Rome<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

En 2023, il est nomm\u00e9 pr\u00e9fet du dicast\u00e8re pour les \u00e9v\u00eaques, un poste cl\u00e9 de la Curie romaine charg\u00e9 de la s\u00e9lection et de la supervision des \u00e9v\u00eaques dans le monde entier. La m\u00eame ann\u00e9e, il est cr\u00e9\u00e9 cardinal par le pape Fran\u00e7ois. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le Pape L\u00e9on XIV a une connaissance approfondie de la Curie romaine gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 sa vaste et r\u00e9cente exp\u00e9rience en tant que membre actif de nombreux dicast\u00e8res cl\u00e9s. Il a fait partie des principales sections pour l'\u00e9vang\u00e9lisation, la doctrine de la foi, les \u00e9glises orientales, le clerg\u00e9 et la vie consacr\u00e9e, ainsi que des dicast\u00e8res pour la culture et l'\u00e9ducation et pour les textes l\u00e9gislatifs. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

En outre, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 membre de la Commission pontificale pour l'\u00c9tat de la Cit\u00e9 du Vatican, ce qui lui donne une connaissance directe de l'administration centrale de l'\u00c9glise et de la gouvernance de l'\u00c9tat pontifical. Cette implication lui a permis d'\u00eatre directement associ\u00e9 aux processus d\u00e9cisionnels et \u00e0 la mise en \u0153uvre des r\u00e9formes promues par le pape Fran\u00e7ois.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Le nom choisi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

On se souvient du pape L\u00e9on XIII (pape de 1878 \u00e0 1903) pour sa d\u00e9votion mariale et pour avoir modernis\u00e9 la doctrine sociale de l'\u00c9glise et ouvert un dialogue avec le monde moderne apr\u00e8s la confrontation avec la modernit\u00e9 du pontificat pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent (Pie IX). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son h\u00e9ritage le plus remarquable est l'encyclique Rerum Novarum<\/em> (1891), consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme le fondement de la doctrine sociale de l'\u00c9glise, dans lequel il aborde pour la premi\u00e8re fois les conditions de travail de mani\u00e8re syst\u00e9matique, en d\u00e9fendant les droits des travailleurs, les salaires \u00e9quitables, la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 priv\u00e9e et le r\u00f4le de l'\u00c9tat dans la justice sociale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

R\u00e9sum\u00e9 biographique<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • 1977 : Dipl\u00f4me en sciences math\u00e9matiques de l'universit\u00e9 de Villanova.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 1982 : Ma\u00eetrise en th\u00e9ologie de la Catholic Theological Union de Chicago.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 1984 : Dipl\u00f4me en droit canonique de l'Universit\u00e9 pontificale Saint-Thomas d'Aquin (Angelicum) \u00e0 Rome.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • 1987 : Doctorat en droit canonique de l'Universit\u00e9 pontificale Saint-Thomas d'Aquin (Angelicum) \u00e0 Rome.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    Commande<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • 1985-1986 : Travail missionnaire \u00e0 Chulucanas, P\u00e9rou.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 1988-1998 : Diverses fonctions \u00e0 Trujillo, au P\u00e9rou, dont celles de prieur communautaire, de directeur de la formation et d'enseignant.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 1999-2001 : Provincial de la province augustinienne de Chicago.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 2001-2013 : Prieur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral de l'Ordre de Saint-Augustin (deux mandats).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 2014-2015 : Administrateur apostolique du dioc\u00e8se de Chiclayo, P\u00e9rou.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 2015-2023 : \u00c9v\u00eaque de Chiclayo, P\u00e9rou.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Depuis 2023 : Pr\u00e9fet du Dicast\u00e8re pour les \u00e9v\u00eaques.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • Depuis 2023 : Pr\u00e9sident de la Commission pontificale pour l'Am\u00e9rique latine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • 8 mai 2025 : \u00e9lu pape, il prend le nom de L\u00e9on XIV.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      El 8 de mayo de 2025, el cardenal estadounidense Robert Francis Prevost ha sido elegido como el 267.\u00ba pont\u00edfice de la Iglesia Cat\u00f3lica, adoptando el nombre de Le\u00f3n XIV. Esta elecci\u00f3n marca un hito hist\u00f3rico al ser el primer Papa nacido en Am\u00e9rica del Norte, reflejando la creciente diversidad geogr\u00e1fica dentro del Colegio Cardenalicio. Or\u00edgenes […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1166,"featured_media":47970,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[36,51],"tags":[2319,4],"class_list":["post-47949","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualidad","category-vaticano","tag-papa-leon-xiv","tag-roma"],"yoast_head":"\nPerfil biogr\u00e1fico del Papa - Omnes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El Papa Le\u00f3n XIV habla con fluidez ingl\u00e9s, espa\u00f1ol, italiano, franc\u00e9s y portugu\u00e9s, y lee en lat\u00edn y alem\u00e1n.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/fr\/nouvelles\/profil-biographique-du-pape\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Perfil biogr\u00e1fico del Papa - Omnes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"El Papa Le\u00f3n XIV habla con fluidez ingl\u00e9s, espa\u00f1ol, italiano, franc\u00e9s y portugu\u00e9s, y lee en lat\u00edn y alem\u00e1n.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/fr\/nouvelles\/profil-biographique-du-pape\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Omnes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2025-05-08T18:41:12+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-11-28T13:02:10+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/image-31-1.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"526\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Javier Garc\u00eda Herrer\u00eda\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u00c9crit par\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Javier Garc\u00eda Herrer\u00eda\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/perfil-biografico-del-papa\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/perfil-biografico-del-papa\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Javier Garc\u00eda Herrer\u00eda\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/d06977a4ce610835975242d192c0427e\"},\"headline\":\"Perfil biogr\u00e1fico del Papa\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-05-08T18:41:12+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-11-28T13:02:10+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/perfil-biografico-del-papa\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":721,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/perfil-biografico-del-papa\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/05\\\/image-31-1.webp\",\"keywords\":[\"Papa Le\u00f3n XIV\",\"Roma\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Actualidad\",\"Vaticano\"],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":[\"WebPage\",\"ItemPage\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/perfil-biografico-del-papa\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/perfil-biografico-del-papa\\\/\",\"name\":\"Perfil biogr\u00e1fico del Papa - 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