{"id":38826,"date":"2024-04-27T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2024-04-27T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/omnesmag.com\/?p=38826"},"modified":"2024-04-18T10:52:00","modified_gmt":"2024-04-18T08:52:00","slug":"poboznosc-natura-kultura-montserrat","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/actualidad\/piedad-naturaleza-cultura-montserrat\/","title":{"rendered":"Pobo\u017cno\u015b\u0107 maryjna, natura i kultura w Montserrat"},"content":{"rendered":"

XIX-wieczna bazylika, wewn\u0119trzna przestrze\u0144 audiowizualna Montserrat lub muzeum<\/a> sanktuarium z dzie\u0142ami Caravaggia, El Greco<\/a>Picasso, Dal\u00ed i Monet to tylko niekt\u00f3re z najwa\u017cniejszych miejsc do odwiedzenia w sanktuarium. Znajduje si\u0119 tu r\u00f3wnie\u017c monumentalny r\u00f3\u017caniec i liczne szlaki turystyczne, kt\u00f3re pozwalaj\u0105 cieszy\u0107 si\u0119 krajobrazem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podr\u00f3\u017c i podej\u015bcie<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Jedn\u0105 z atrakcji Montserrat jest podr\u00f3\u017c na sam\u0105 g\u00f3r\u0119, kt\u00f3r\u0105 mo\u017cna odby\u0107 poci\u0105giem z Barcelony. Dojazd z Monistrol de Montserrat do sanktuarium jest mo\u017cliwy dzi\u0119ki po\u0142\u0105czeniu z malowniczym poci\u0105giem, kt\u00f3ry wspina si\u0119 na wysoko\u015b\u0107 600 metr\u00f3w w ci\u0105gu oko\u0142o pi\u0119ciu kilometr\u00f3w. Jest to s\u0142ynna kolej z\u0119bata. Je\u015bli wolisz dojecha\u0107 tam samochodem, w Monistrol znajduje si\u0119 du\u017cy parking.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na przystanku przed Monistrol mo\u017cna wsi\u0105\u015b\u0107 do kolejki linowej, innego sposobu dotarcia do sanktuarium. Ta \"powietrzna kolejka linowa Montserrat\", jak jest r\u00f3wnie\u017c znana, pokonuje tras\u0119 w pi\u0119\u0107 minut i oferuje wyj\u0105tkowe widoki na g\u00f3r\u0119. Oczywi\u015bcie mo\u017cna r\u00f3wnie\u017c podjecha\u0107 samochodem na parking sanktuarium.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Bazylika, atrium i muzea<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

B\u0119d\u0105c na miejscu, koniecznie trzeba odwiedzi\u0107 Matk\u0119 Bosk\u0105. Mo\u017cna wej\u015b\u0107 do kaplicy, gdzie mo\u017cna j\u0105 czci\u0107. Bazylika jest XIX-wieczn\u0105 rekonstrukcj\u0105 pozosta\u0142o\u015bci gotyckiego ko\u015bcio\u0142a z ko\u0144ca XVI wieku. Jest bardzo bogato zdobiona, zw\u0142aszcza obszar kaplicy Santa Maria. W atrium bazyliki dominuje neoplato\u0144ska fasada \u015bwi\u0105tyni z 1901 roku, otoczona budynkami. Po wojnie domowej zbudowano now\u0105 fasad\u0119, aby zamkn\u0105\u0107 dziedziniec. Znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 na niej p\u0142askorze\u017aby nawi\u0105zuj\u0105ce do og\u0142oszenia dogmatu o Wniebowzi\u0119ciu Naj\u015bwi\u0119tszej Maryi Panny, \u015bwi\u0119tego Benedykta oraz przedstawienia mnich\u00f3w zam\u0119czonych podczas wojny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Napis na fasadzie zawiera zdanie przypisywane biskupowi Torresowi i Bagesowi, kt\u00f3re podsumowuje ducha katolickiego katalonizmu, kt\u00f3rego Montserrat by\u0142 epicentrum: \"Catalunya ser\u00e0 cristiana o no ser\u00e0\" (Katalonia b\u0119dzie chrze\u015bcija\u0144ska lub nie b\u0119dzie).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

W biurze informacyjnym mo\u017cna znale\u017a\u0107 wskaz\u00f3wki dotycz\u0105ce przestrzeni audiowizualnej zatytu\u0142owanej Montserrat puertas adentro, kt\u00f3ra przybli\u017cy pielgrzymom g\u00f3r\u0119, klasztor i sanktuarium.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

W Montserrat znajduje si\u0119 r\u00f3wnie\u017c muzeum, kt\u00f3re zawiera wa\u017cn\u0105 kolekcj\u0119 sztuki z dzie\u0142ami Caravaggia, El Greco, Rusi\u00f1ola, Casasa, Picassa, Dal\u00ed, Moneta... oraz kilka pozosta\u0142o\u015bci archeologicznych z Bliskiego Wschodu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Zabytkowy r\u00f3\u017caniec i szlaki<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Po nieszcz\u0119\u015bciach XIX wieku katalo\u0144ski \u015bwiat kultury zaanga\u017cowa\u0142 si\u0119 w odbudow\u0119 Montserrat, dzi\u0119ki czemu wiele dzie\u0142 literackich i artystycznych z ko\u0144ca tego wieku zosta\u0142o po\u015bwi\u0119conych Dziewicy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wspomnieli\u015bmy ju\u017c o tw\u00f3rczo\u015bci wielu poet\u00f3w i pisarzy tamtych lat. \u015awiat sztuk plastycznych r\u00f3wnie\u017c chcia\u0142 wnie\u015b\u0107 sw\u00f3j wk\u0142ad. Tak wi\u0119c w latach 1896-1916 na drodze prowadz\u0105cej z Sanktuarium do \u015awi\u0119tej Groty zbudowano monumentalny r\u00f3\u017caniec. Wzd\u0142u\u017c drogi znajduj\u0105 si\u0119 rze\u017aby przedstawiaj\u0105ce ka\u017cd\u0105 z pi\u0119tnastu tajemnic. W projekcie wzi\u0119li udzia\u0142 znani arty\u015bci, tacy jak Gaud\u00ed, Puig i Cadafalch, Sagnier, Llimona, bracia Vallmitjana i inni. Spacer do miejsca, w kt\u00f3rym znaleziono obraz, kt\u00f3ry harmonijnie \u0142\u0105czy natur\u0119 i sztuk\u0119, jest przyjemny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Piesze w\u0119dr\u00f3wki s\u0105 dobrym uzupe\u0142nieniem wizyty w Montserrat. G\u00f3ra jest pe\u0142na \u015bcie\u017cek \u0142\u0105cz\u0105cych pustelnie i punkty widokowe. Tradycyjn\u0105 wycieczk\u0105 jest wspinaczka na Sant Jeroni (1237 metr\u00f3w), szczyt pasma g\u00f3rskiego; mo\u017cna j\u0105 r\u00f3wnie\u017c po\u0142\u0105czy\u0107 z kolejk\u0105 z\u0119bat\u0105 Sant Joan, kt\u00f3ra jest okr\u0119\u017cn\u0105 tras\u0105 trwaj\u0105c\u0105 nieco ponad dwie godziny. Do sanktuarium mo\u017cna r\u00f3wnie\u017c wspi\u0105\u0107 si\u0119 pieszo \u015bcie\u017ckami z Monistrol. Patronat de la Monta\u00f1a oferuje kilka tras na swojej stronie internetowej.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ch\u00f3r i Virolai<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Istniej\u0105 dowody na obecno\u015b\u0107 ch\u00f3ru - ch\u00f3ru dzieci\u0119cych \u015bpiewak\u00f3w - od pocz\u0105tku XIV wieku, co pozwala nam s\u0105dzi\u0107, \u017ce by\u0142 to jeden z najstarszych w Europie. Do XVII i XVIII wieku by\u0142o tylko kilku ch\u00f3rzyst\u00f3w, kiedy to ch\u00f3r rozr\u00f3s\u0142 si\u0119 i sta\u0142 si\u0119 prawdziw\u0105 szko\u0142\u0105 muzyczn\u0105. W po\u0142owie XX wieku by\u0142o pi\u0119\u0107dziesi\u0119ciu \u015bpiewak\u00f3w, kt\u00f3rzy zacz\u0119li nagrywa\u0107 p\u0142yty i koncertowa\u0107 w kraju i za granic\u0105.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z tego powodu jednym z najwa\u017cniejszych moment\u00f3w wizyty w Montserrat jest moment, w kt\u00f3rym Escolania wykonuje Save i Virolai.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Virolai jest umuzycznieniem poematu do \u015awi\u0119tej Marii z Montserrat, kt\u00f3ry Jacint Verdaguer skomponowa\u0142 na tysi\u0105clecie (1880) odkrycia Dziewicy. W ramach zaprogramowanych wydarze\u0144 odby\u0142 si\u0119 konkurs, do kt\u00f3rego zg\u0142oszono ponad sze\u015b\u0107dziesi\u0105t muzycznych wersji wiersza. Zwyci\u0119zc\u0105 zosta\u0142 Josep Rodoreda, kt\u00f3ry otrzyma\u0142 odpowiedni\u0105 nagrod\u0119. Od tego czasu Virolai, kt\u00f3rego teksty s\u0105 pi\u0119kne, jest cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 dziedzictwa kulturowego ka\u017cdego Katalo\u0144czyka.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

La bas\u00edlica del siglo XIX, el espacio audiovisual Montserrat puertas adentro o el museo del santuario, con obras de Caravaggio, El Greco, Picasso, Dal\u00ed o Monet son algunos de los lugares imprescindibles que visitar en el santuario. Tambi\u00e9n est\u00e1n el rosario monumental y numerosas rutas de senderismo para disfrutar del paisaje. Viaje y aproximaci\u00f3n Uno […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2425,"featured_media":38827,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[36,39],"tags":[1110,524],"class_list":["post-38826","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualidad","category-cultura","tag-naturaleza","tag-virgen-maria"],"yoast_head":"\nPiedad mariana, naturaleza y cultura en Montserrat - Omnes<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Adem\u00e1s de como santuario, Montserrat es un destino de inter\u00e9s tur\u00edstico tanto por su importancia hist\u00f3rica como por el entorno natural.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/aktualnosci\/poboznosc-natura-kultura-montserrat\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Piedad mariana, naturaleza y cultura en Montserrat - 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