{"id":51621,"date":"2025-08-21T06:00:00","date_gmt":"2025-08-21T04:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/?p=51621"},"modified":"2025-08-20T18:37:32","modified_gmt":"2025-08-20T16:37:32","slug":"dlaczego-nie-ekskomunikowac-politykow-ktorzy-popieraja-aborcje","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/recursos\/por-que-no-excomulgar-a-los-politicos-que-apoyan-el-aborto\/","title":{"rendered":"Dlaczego nie ekskomunikowa\u0107 polityk\u00f3w popieraj\u0105cych aborcj\u0119?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jenna Marie Cooper, OSV News<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Podczas wszystkich debat w ostatnich latach na temat tego, czy odmawia\u0107 Komunii \u015awi\u0119tej proaborcyjnym politykom, zawsze zadawa\u0142em sobie pytanie: dlaczego ich biskupi nie mogli ich po prostu ekskomunikowa\u0107? Wtedy przynajmniej wszystko by\u0142oby jasne, publicznie znane, a przez to prawdopodobnie mniej kontrowersyjne w mediach. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kr\u00f3tka odpowied\u017a na twoje pytanie jest taka, \u017ce ekskomunika jest kar\u0105 za przest\u0119pstwa kanoniczne. I cho\u0107 polityczne wsparcie dla polityki pro-choice jest moralnie problematyczne, samo w sobie nie stanowi przest\u0119pstwa kanonicznego.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Powody kanoniczne<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Dla kontekstu, gdy m\u00f3wimy o politykach pro-wyborczych, kt\u00f3rym odmawia si\u0119 Komunii \u015awi\u0119tej, odpowiedni cytat to Canon 915<\/a> Kodeksu Prawo kanoniczne<\/a>. Kanon 915 m\u00f3wi nam, \u017ce ci, kt\u00f3rzy \"uparcie trwaj\u0105 w jawnym grzechu ci\u0119\u017ckim, nie powinni by\u0107 dopuszczani do Komunii \u015awi\u0119tej\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kanon 915 daje szafarzom Komunii \u015awi\u0119tej i autorytetom duszpasterskim (tj. biskupom i proboszczom) obiektywne kryteria ustalania, czy odm\u00f3wi\u0107 Komunii \u015awi\u0119tej danemu katolikowi. Jest to wa\u017cne, poniewa\u017c domy\u015blnym stanowiskiem Ko\u015bcio\u0142a jest uczynienie sakrament\u00f3w tak dost\u0119pnymi, jak to tylko mo\u017cliwe, w oparciu o zasad\u0119, \u017ce wierni maj\u0105 do nich fundamentalne prawo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

G\u0142\u00f3wnym kryterium kanonu 915 jest to, \u017ce grzech, o kt\u00f3rym mowa, musi by\u0107 \"ci\u0119\u017cki\" lub niezwykle powa\u017cny, a aktywne promowanie polityki rz\u0105du na rzecz niszczenia niewinnego ludzkiego \u017cycia z pewno\u015bci\u0105 kwalifikowa\u0142oby si\u0119 do tego.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Publicznie znane grzechy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Grzech musi by\u0107 r\u00f3wnie\u017c \"oczywisty\" lub \u0142atwo znany opinii publicznej lub w inny spos\u00f3b mo\u017cliwy do zaobserwowania na zewn\u0105trz. Og\u00f3lnie rzecz bior\u0105c, platformy polityczne, stanowiska w kontrowersyjnych kwestiach i wyniki g\u0142osowania s\u0105 publicznie dost\u0119pne. Wreszcie, dana osoba musi by\u0107 \"uparcie wytrwa\u0142a\" w swoim grzechu, co oznacza, \u017ce pope\u0142nia go w spos\u00f3b ci\u0105g\u0142y, nawet po otrzymaniu ostrze\u017cenia od kompetentnego organu duszpasterskiego o powa\u017cnej grzeszno\u015bci jej dzia\u0142a\u0144.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chocia\u017c rozwa\u017cania te mog\u0105 wydawa\u0107 si\u0119 bardzo legalistyczne i sugerowa\u0107, \u017ce dana osoba jest w jaki\u015b spos\u00f3b \"s\u0105dzona\", kanon ten jest cz\u0119\u015bci\u0105 sekcji Kodeksu Prawa Kanonicznego dotycz\u0105cej sakrament\u00f3w i nie jest tak naprawd\u0119 zwi\u0105zany z prawem karnym Ko\u015bcio\u0142a. Innymi s\u0142owy, kanon 915 i zwi\u0105zane z nim kanony maj\u0105 na celu przede wszystkim ochron\u0119 godno\u015bci sakramentu; nie s\u0105 one przeznaczone do bezpo\u015bredniego karania za przest\u0119pstwa kanoniczne. Ko\u015bci\u00f3\u0142 traktuje stosowanie kanonu 915 jako kwesti\u0119 dialogu duszpasterskiego i osobistego napomnienia, a nie jako wynik procesu karnego lub ko\u015bcielnego procesu s\u0105dowego.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

W przeciwie\u0144stwie do tego, ko\u015bcielne prawo karne ma na celu identyfikacj\u0119 i karanie przest\u0119pstw. Przynosi to korzy\u015bci zar\u00f3wno samym przest\u0119pcom, gdy s\u0105 karani karami \"leczniczymi\", jak i szerszej spo\u0142eczno\u015bci ko\u015bcielnej, gdy s\u0105 karani karami \"ekspiacyjnymi\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kara ekskomuniki ma charakter leczniczy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ekskomunika jest przyk\u0142adem kary leczniczej, poniewa\u017c ma by\u0107 swego rodzaju \"sygna\u0142em alarmowym\" ostrzegaj\u0105cym przest\u0119pc\u0119, \u017ce jest na z\u0142ej drodze, i mo\u017ce zosta\u0107 stosunkowo \u0142atwo zniesiona, je\u015bli przest\u0119pca oka\u017ce skruch\u0119. Kary zado\u015b\u0107uczynienia obejmuj\u0105 utrat\u0119 stanu duchownego, w kt\u00f3rym ksi\u0105dz skazany za przest\u0119pstwo kanoniczne zostaje praktycznie wydalony ze stanu kap\u0142a\u0144skiego.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prawo ko\u015bcielne wymaga, aby \"przepisy przewiduj\u0105ce kar\u0119... by\u0142y \u015bci\u015ble interpretowane\" (kanon 18). Oznacza to, \u017ce kary kanoniczne nie mog\u0105 by\u0107 stosowane w spos\u00f3b liberalny do wszystkich wykrocze\u0144, kt\u00f3re Ko\u015bci\u00f3\u0142 chce st\u0142umi\u0107. Kara kanoniczna mo\u017ce zosta\u0107 na\u0142o\u017cona jedynie za czyny wyra\u017anie zdefiniowane jako przest\u0119pstwa w prawie kanonicznym.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chocia\u017c bezpo\u015brednie spowodowanie aborcji jest przest\u0119pstwem kanonicznym karanym automatyczn\u0105 ekskomunik\u0105 (zob. kanon 1397, 2), ma to zastosowanie tylko w sytuacjach, w kt\u00f3rych konkretna osoba osobi\u015bcie spowodowa\u0142a aborcj\u0119, a nie w sytuacjach, w kt\u00f3rych osoba promowa\u0142a aborcj\u0119 w bardziej abstrakcyjny spos\u00f3b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

W \u015bwietle tego nie by\u0142oby ani mo\u017cliwe, ani duszpastersko w\u0142a\u015bciwe, aby pr\u00f3bowa\u0107 wykorzysta\u0107 kar\u0119 ekskomuniki jako spos\u00f3b na unikni\u0119cie niewygodnych rozm\u00f3w, kt\u00f3re czasami wi\u0105\u017c\u0105 si\u0119 z kanonem 915.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Por Jenna Marie Cooper, OSV News En todos los debates de los \u00faltimos a\u00f1os sobre si se debe negar o no la Sagrada Comuni\u00f3n a los pol\u00edticos proaborto, siempre me he preguntado: \u00bfPor qu\u00e9 sus obispos no pod\u00edan simplemente excomulgarlos? As\u00ed, al menos, todo ser\u00eda claro, de conocimiento p\u00fablico y, por lo tanto, probablemente menos […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2425,"featured_media":51622,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[537],"tags":[612],"class_list":["post-51621","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-recursos","tag-aborto"],"yoast_head":"\n\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 no excomulgar a los pol\u00edticos que apoyan el aborto?<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La Iglesia no puede excomulgar a los pol\u00edticos proaborto porque su postura, aunque moralmente grave, no constituye un delito can\u00f3nico.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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