{"id":8196,"date":"2021-02-02T12:52:59","date_gmt":"2021-02-02T12:52:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/omnesmag.com\/?p=8196"},"modified":"2021-02-02T12:55:36","modified_gmt":"2021-02-02T12:55:36","slug":"hildegarda-z-bingen-nieznany-lekarz-kosciola","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/actualidad\/cultura\/hildegarda-de-bingen-la-desconocida-doctora-de-la-iglesia\/","title":{"rendered":"Hildegarda z Bingen: nieznany Doktor Ko\u015bcio\u0142a"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dzi\u015b rano Ojciec \u015awi\u0119ty zadekretowa\u0142, \u017ce \u015bwi\u0119ta Hildegarda z Bingen, wraz ze \u015bwi\u0119tym Grzegorzem z Nareku i \u015bwi\u0119tym Janem z Avila, zostanie wpisana do Og\u00f3lnego Kalendarza Rzymskiego jako wspomnienie ad libitum. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kim jest ten \u015bwi\u0119ty, kt\u00f3rego Benedykt XVI wyni\u00f3s\u0142 do rangi Doktora Ko\u015bcio\u0142a? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hildegarda jest jedn\u0105 z zaledwie czterech kobiet doktor\u00f3w Ko\u015bcio\u0142a. Wraz z ni\u0105 \u015bw. Katarzyna ze Sieny, \u015bw. Teresa z Avila i \u015bw. Teresa od Dzieci\u0105tka Jezus tworz\u0105 kobiec\u0105 obecno\u015b\u0107 w\u015br\u00f3d os\u00f3b og\u0142oszonych, jak dot\u0105d, doktorami Ko\u015bcio\u0142a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cho\u0107 o ograniczonej obecno\u015bci, jak zaznaczy\u0142em Jaime L\u00f3pez Pe\u00f1alba<\/strong> w swoim artykule \"Kobiety doktorzy Ko\u015bcio\u0142a. Matki, kt\u00f3re da\u0142 nam B\u00f3g\".<\/strong>opublikowane w wydaniu drukowanym naszego magazyn z ostatniego listopada<\/a>, \"Historia Ko\u015bcio\u0142a jest niezrozumia\u0142a bez tych postaci kobiecych, tych s\u0142awnych i tych anonimowych, kt\u00f3re wyznaczaj\u0105 i podtrzymuj\u0105 \u017cycie rodzin, wsp\u00f3lnot, charyzmat\u00f3w i misji\".<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u017bycie Hildegardy z Bingen<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

W tym samym numerze, L\u00f3pez-Pe\u00f1alba<\/strong> przywo\u0142uje posta\u0107 tego, co nazywa \"Sybill\u0105 z Renu\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hildegarda urodzi\u0142a si\u0119 w 1098 roku w niemieckim Palatynacie, jako najm\u0142odsza c\u00f3rka rodziny szlacheckiej i jako taka kszta\u0142ci\u0142a si\u0119 u benedyktyn\u00f3w w Disibodenbergu. Kiedy zmar\u0142a opatka \u017ce\u0144skiej wsp\u00f3lnoty, Hildegarda, jej ulubiona uczennica, zosta\u0142a jednog\u0142o\u015bnie wybrana na jej miejsce, mimo m\u0142odego wieku 38 lat, co \u015bwiadczy o jej talentach, widocznych ju\u017c dla wszystkich. Jej osobowo\u015b\u0107 nada\u0142a impuls \u017cyciu klasztoru, a przede wszystkim jego wolno\u015bci. Dlatego w 1148 r. wsp\u00f3lnota za\u0142o\u017cy\u0142a nowy klasztor \u015bw. Ruperta w Bingen, d\u0105\u017c\u0105c do autonomii w celu pog\u0142\u0119bienia reformy propagowanej przez Hildegard\u0119.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u0142awa naszej zakonnicy rozesz\u0142a si\u0119 po ca\u0142ym Ko\u015bciele europejskim, pobudzona zdecydowanym poparciem Bernarda z Clairvaux i panuj\u0105cego papie\u017ca Eugeniusza III. Listownie, w bezpo\u015brednich rozmowach, w podr\u00f3\u017cach kaznodziejskich jej s\u0142owo dociera\u0142o do mnich\u00f3w, szlachty, cesarza, prawowitego papie\u017ca i schizmatyckich antypapie\u017cy. W \u015brodku p\u00f3\u017anego \u015bredniowiecza ta kobieta podnios\u0142a g\u0142os wzywaj\u0105c do reformy, nawr\u00f3cenia i \u015bwi\u0119to\u015bci w chrze\u015bcija\u0144stwie... i zosta\u0142a wys\u0142uchana!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hildegarda od dziecka mia\u0142a mistyczne do\u015bwiadczenia. W wieku 41 lat prorocze wizje sta\u0142y si\u0119 silniejsze i towarzyszy\u0142a im ch\u0119\u0107 ich spisania. Hildegarda, poddaj\u0105c si\u0119 rozeznaniu Bernarda i Rzymu, napisa\u0142a swoje g\u0142\u00f3wne dzie\u0142o, Scivias (Poznaj drogi), uko\u0144czone dekad\u0119 p\u00f3\u017aniej w 1151 roku. Odnajdujemy tu jej osobisty mistycyzm, obfituj\u0105cy w symbolik\u0119 za\u015blubin, jak to cz\u0119sto bywa w kobiecych spirituals, z alegorycznymi opisami jej wizji - wzbogaconymi o miniatury typowe dla \u015bredniowiecznych skryptori\u00f3w - przypominaj\u0105cymi pod wieloma wzgl\u0119dami proroctwa Starego Testamentu, a tak\u017ce z charyzmatycznym rozumieniem Pisma \u015awi\u0119tego i historii zbawienia, \u015bwiadcz\u0105cym o jej duchowej randze. W 1163 r. wyda\u0142 Ksi\u0119g\u0119 zas\u0142ug \u017cycia, dzie\u0142o z zakresu teologii moralnej i rozeznania, skupione na cz\u0142owieku jako obrazie Boga, w kt\u00f3rym wykazuje si\u0119 bardzo finezyjn\u0105 antropologi\u0105 i psychologi\u0105 duchow\u0105. Jego ostatnim dzie\u0142em jest Ksi\u0119ga Dzie\u0142 Bo\u017cych z 1173 roku, traktat o stworzeniu. Zachorowa\u0142a, a jej zwykle s\u0142abe zdrowie zacz\u0119\u0142o si\u0119 pogarsza\u0107 i ostatecznie zmar\u0142a w 1179 roku.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00f3wi si\u0119, \u017ce Benedykt XVI chcia\u0142 j\u0105 nazwa\u0107 Doktorem Ko\u015bcio\u0142a, aby uratowa\u0107 duchow\u0105 posta\u0107 \u015bw. Hildegardy od zapomnienia przez zbyt regionalny kult i od nadu\u017cy\u0107, jakie z jej dzie\u0142 zacz\u0119\u0142y czyni\u0107 niekt\u00f3re ruchy pseudoreligijne, takie jak New Age. Hildegarda kultywowa\u0142a bowiem ca\u0142\u0105 \u00f3wczesn\u0105 wiedz\u0119: Fizyk\u0119 o naukach przyrodniczych, traktat medyczny Przyczyny i lekarstwa oparty na znajomo\u015bci biologii i botaniki, zbi\u00f3r \u015bpiew\u00f3w liturgicznych Symfonia przedmiot\u00f3w niebieskich, kt\u00f3re dzi\u015b z zainteresowaniem studiuj\u0105 muzykolodzy. W tym sensie Hildegarda doskonale uciele\u015bnia\u0142a benedykty\u0144ski idea\u0142 poszukiwania wiecznego Boga, kt\u00f3ry nie przemija (quaerere Deum), a przy okazji odkrywania cz\u0142owieka i \u015bwiata oraz poznawania katolickiej m\u0105dro\u015bci, kt\u00f3ra obejmuje wszystko, niebo i ziemi\u0119.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Benedykt XVI i Hildegarda z Bingen<\/h4>\n\n\n\n

Papie\u017c Emeryt po\u015bwi\u0119ci\u0142 postaci Hildegardy z Bingen dwie audiencje, 1 i 8 wrze\u015bnia 2010 r. Podkre\u015bli\u0142 w nich, \u017ce ten \u015bredniowieczny \u015bwi\u0119ty \"...Przemawia do nas z wielk\u0105 aktualno\u015bci\u0105, ze swoj\u0105 odwa\u017cn\u0105 zdolno\u015bci\u0105 rozeznawania znak\u00f3w czasu, ze swoj\u0105 mi\u0142o\u015bci\u0105 do stworzenia, do medycyny, do poezji, do muzyki - kt\u00f3ra jest dzisiaj rekonstruowana - ze swoj\u0105 mi\u0142o\u015bci\u0105 do Chrystusa i do swojego Ko\u015bcio\u0142a, kt\u00f3ry ju\u017c wtedy cierpia\u0142, ju\u017c wtedy by\u0142 zraniony przez grzechy kap\u0142an\u00f3w i \u015bwieckich, a o wiele bardziej ukochany jako cia\u0142o Chrystusa\".<\/em>\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Benedykt XVI zwr\u00f3ci\u0142 te\u017c uwag\u0119, \u017ce Hildegarda, ze swoimi pismami o wizjach, jest przyk\u0142adem, jak \"Teologia mo\u017ce otrzyma\u0107 szczeg\u00f3lny wk\u0142ad ze strony kobiet, poniewa\u017c s\u0105 one w stanie m\u00f3wi\u0107 o Bogu i tajemnicach wiary ze swoj\u0105 szczeg\u00f3ln\u0105 inteligencj\u0105 i wra\u017cliwo\u015bci\u0105\".<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dzie\u0144 jego \u015bwi\u0119ta, obecnie w\u0142\u0105czony do Og\u00f3lnego Kalendarza Rzymskiego, obchodzony jest 17 wrze\u015bnia. <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El Santo Padre ha decretado, esta ma\u00f1ana, inscribir en el Calendario Romano General con el grado de memoria ad libitum a Santa Hildegarda de Bingen, junto a san Gregorio de Narek y San Juan de \u00c1vila. \u00bfQui\u00e9n es esta santa, que Benedicto XVI elev\u00f3 a doctora de la Iglesia? Hildegarda forma parte del reducido n\u00famero, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":8201,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[8],"class_list":["post-8196","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cultura","tag-santos"],"yoast_head":"\nHildegarda de Bingen: La desconocida doctora de la Iglesia<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Hildegarda de Bingen abogaba por una renovaci\u00f3n de la comunidad eclesial a trav\u00e9s de un sincero esp\u00edritu de penitencia\u00a0\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/aktualnosci\/kultura\/hildegarda-z-bingen-nieznany-lekarz-kosciola\/\" \/>\n<meta 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