{"id":9374,"date":"2021-02-24T05:23:00","date_gmt":"2021-02-24T04:23:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/omnesmag.com\/?p=9374"},"modified":"2021-03-03T13:21:47","modified_gmt":"2021-03-03T12:21:47","slug":"iraq-in-the-eye-of-the-hurricane","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/actualidad\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\/","title":{"rendered":"Irak: w oku burzy"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Z perspektywy geopolitycznej Irak jest krajem wyr\u00f3\u017cniaj\u0105cym si\u0119 jako ziemia przej\u015bcia, miejscem, kt\u00f3re przez wieki by\u0142o placem zabaw dla granicz\u0105cych i odleg\u0142ych mocarstw.  Irak by\u0142 najdalej na wsch\u00f3d wysuni\u0119t\u0105 w\u0142asno\u015bci\u0105 Imperium Rzymskiego, cho\u0107 jego pozycja by\u0142a zawsze s\u0142aba z powodu presji Pers\u00f3w. P\u00f3\u017aniej Irak sta\u0142 si\u0119 krwaw\u0105 granic\u0105 rywalizuj\u0105cych ze sob\u0105 imperi\u00f3w Bizancjum i Sassanid\u00f3w.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po podbojach arabskich Irak zyska\u0142 rang\u0119 nie widzian\u0105 od czas\u00f3w staro\u017cytnego Babilonu. Za czas\u00f3w dynastii Abbasyd\u00f3w powsta\u0142 Bagdad, kt\u00f3ry mia\u0142 s\u0142u\u017cy\u0107 jako stolica kalifatu. Zbieg\u0142o si\u0119 to z pocz\u0105tkiem z\u0142otego wieku islamu. Bagdad to serce kwitn\u0105cego imperium i jedno z najbogatszych i najlepiej prosperuj\u0105cych miast na \u015bwiecie w okresie wczesnego \u015bredniowiecza. Ten okres \u015bwietno\u015bci zako\u0144czy\u0142 si\u0119 gwa\u0142townie wraz z najazdami Mongo\u0142\u00f3w. W 1258 roku Bagdad zosta\u0142 zr\u00f3wnany z ziemi\u0105, a jego mieszka\u0144cy wyt\u0119pieni. Po Mongo\u0142ach nast\u0105pi\u0142a Czarna \u015amier\u0107, a potem kolejna inwazja ze wschodu. W 1401 roku Tamerlane zdoby\u0142 miasto w masakrze, kt\u00f3ra zako\u0144czy\u0142a ten mroczny okres.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bagdad nigdy nie odzyska\u0142by swojej \u015bwietno\u015bci. Irak nie by\u0142by ju\u017c graczem i centrum, jak to mia\u0142o miejsce za czas\u00f3w dynastii Abbasyd\u00f3w, ale powr\u00f3ci\u0142by do pozycji spornej linii podzia\u0142u rywalizuj\u0105cych imperi\u00f3w. Osmanowie i Safawidowie walczyli o jego kontrol\u0119 w XVI i XVII wieku. Irak ostatecznie przypad\u0142 Osmanom, cho\u0107 nigdy nie przesta\u0142 by\u0107 teatrem wojny mi\u0119dzy Osmanami a Persami.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">I wojna \u015bwiatowa oznacza koniec panowania tureckiego wraz z podbojem brytyjskim. Powsta\u0142 nowoczesny Irak, jaki znamy dzisiaj. Brytyjczycy ukszta\u0142towali j\u0105 ze zwi\u0105zkiem trzech prowincji osma\u0144skich. Londyn wymy\u015bli\u0142 te\u017c monarchi\u0119, kt\u00f3ra mia\u0142a rz\u0105dzi\u0107 krajem. Na tronie osadzili cz\u0142onka rodziny Haszymidzkiej z Arabii. Zar\u00f3wno Brytyjczycy, jak i Haszymidzi podj\u0119li historyczn\u0105 decyzj\u0119, by w zarz\u0105dzaniu krajem oprze\u0107 si\u0119 na sunnickiej mniejszo\u015bci arabskiej. Konsekwencje tego hazardu s\u0105 wci\u0105\u017c namacalne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po wycofaniu si\u0119 Brytyjczyk\u00f3w w 1954 roku, monarchia zosta\u0142a brutalnie obalona w 1958 roku.  Irak sta\u0142 si\u0119 wtedy republik\u0105 pod kontrol\u0105 socjalistycznego wojska. Z czasem w\u0142adz\u0119 przej\u0105\u0142 nurt wewn\u0105trz wojska, kt\u00f3ry ustanowi\u0142 w Iraku jednopartyjn\u0105 dyktatur\u0119: Baas. By\u0142a to partia \u015bwiecka, nacjonalistyczna, radykalnie socjalistyczna, sprzymierzona z Moskw\u0105, antysyjonistyczna. Stopniowo jedna z postaci wewn\u0105trz partii, Saddam Husajn, zacz\u0105\u0142 przejmowa\u0107 d\u017awignie w\u0142adzy, a\u017c sta\u0142 si\u0119 dyktatorem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Burzliwe lata, 1980 - 2000<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Po rewolucji islamskiej w Iranie, Saddam postanowi\u0142 wykorzysta\u0107 sytuacj\u0119 i dokona\u0107 inwazji na ten kraj. W wyniku wojny ira\u0144sko-irackiej (1980-1988) zgin\u0119\u0142o oko\u0142o miliona os\u00f3b, a dwa kraje zosta\u0142y zniszczone. Nast\u0119pnie Saddam wci\u0105gn\u0105\u0142 Irak w kolejn\u0105 wojn\u0119, naje\u017cd\u017caj\u0105c w 1990 roku Kuwejt. Wojna w Zatoce Perskiej by\u0142a dla Saddama upokarzaj\u0105c\u0105 pora\u017ck\u0105. Jego armia zosta\u0142a unicestwiona i wyp\u0119dzona z Kuwejtu. Maj\u0105c do\u015b\u0107 brutalno\u015bci polityki Saddama i faktu, \u017ce kontynuowa\u0142 on swoj\u0105 polityk\u0119 faworyzowania arabskiej mniejszo\u015bci sunnickiej, Kurdowie z p\u00f3\u0142nocy i szyici z po\u0142udnia postanowili si\u0119 zbuntowa\u0107 i obali\u0107 re\u017cim. Jednak wobec braku wsparcia Zachodu, rebelianci zostali brutalnie rozgromieni przez Saddama (przeciwko ludno\u015bci cywilnej u\u017cyto nawet broni chemicznej).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"alignright size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/20210216T1000-IRAQ-SITES-SNAPSHOT-1164932_preview-1024x669.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-9377\" width=\"317\" height=\"206\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/20210216T1000-IRAQ-SITES-SNAPSHOT-1164932_preview-1024x669.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/20210216T1000-IRAQ-SITES-SNAPSHOT-1164932_preview-700x457.jpg 700w, https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/20210216T1000-IRAQ-SITES-SNAPSHOT-1164932_preview-300x196.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/20210216T1000-IRAQ-SITES-SNAPSHOT-1164932_preview-768x502.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/20210216T1000-IRAQ-SITES-SNAPSHOT-1164932_preview-1536x1003.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/20210216T1000-IRAQ-SITES-SNAPSHOT-1164932_preview-600x392.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/20210216T1000-IRAQ-SITES-SNAPSHOT-1164932_preview.jpg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 317px) 100vw, 317px\" \/><figcaption> Foto: CNS photo\/Norbert Schiller<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">W latach 90. Irak by\u0142 os\u0142abionym krajem, poddanym surowym sankcjom gospodarczym i narzuconym przez USA strefom zakazu lot\u00f3w na p\u00f3\u0142nocy i po\u0142udniu, aby uniemo\u017cliwi\u0107 Saddamowi ponowne zagazowanie lub zbombardowanie ludno\u015bci kurdyjskiej i szyickiej. Mimo mi\u0119dzynarodowych nacisk\u00f3w Saddam nadal kierowa\u0142 krajem.  W 2003 roku Waszyngton postanowi\u0142 zako\u0144czy\u0107 impas poprzez inwazj\u0119 na ten kraj. Re\u017cim partii Baas zosta\u0142 zdemontowany, a Saddam stracony. Nast\u0119pnie rozpocz\u0105\u0142 si\u0119 chaotyczny proces transformacji, w kt\u00f3rym wojska ameryka\u0144skie znalaz\u0142y si\u0119 w samym \u015brodku wojny domowej mi\u0119dzy ludno\u015bci\u0105 szyick\u0105 i sunnick\u0105. Mniejszo\u015b\u0107 sunnicka w panice obserwowa\u0142a, jak w demokratycznym Iraku wyparowa\u0142y wp\u0142ywy polityczne i gospodarcze, kt\u00f3rymi cieszy\u0142a si\u0119 przez ostatnie 100 lat. W nowym systemie nieuchronnie przewa\u017ca\u0142yby liczby. W poszczeg\u00f3lnych wyborach szyici wyra\u017anie zaznaczyli swoj\u0105 demograficzn\u0105 dominacj\u0119. Niekt\u00f3rzy sunnici, obawiaj\u0105c si\u0119 szyickich represji i niezadowoleni ze swojej sekciarskiej polityki, rzucili si\u0119 najpierw w ramiona Al-Kaidy, a potem Pa\u0144stwa Islamskiego, by stawi\u0107 czo\u0142a bagdadzkiemu rz\u0105dowi, kt\u00f3ry postrzegali jako skorumpowany. Tymczasem Kurdowie wykorzystali okoliczno\u015bci, by stworzy\u0107 pa\u0144stwo. <em>de facto<\/em> niezale\u017cny od p\u00f3\u0142nocy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Chocia\u017c wojska ameryka\u0144skie opu\u015bci\u0142y kraj w 2011 roku, to w 2014 roku zosta\u0142y zmuszone do powrotu, aby poradzi\u0107 sobie z now\u0105 niestabilno\u015bci\u0105. Wraz z pokonaniem Pa\u0144stwa Islamskiego nie powr\u00f3ci\u0142 w pe\u0142ni pok\u00f3j i stabilizacja. W ostatnich latach Irak sta\u0142 si\u0119 placem zabaw dla regionalnych i zagranicznych pot\u0119g, w tym Iranu, USA i monarchii z Zatoki Perskiej.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Obecnie<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Pomimo wojen, powsta\u0144 i zmian re\u017cimu, Irak do\u015bwiadczy\u0142 spektakularnej eksplozji populacji. Od 1980 roku liczba ludno\u015bci wzros\u0142a trzykrotnie. Jedyn\u0105 grup\u0105, kt\u00f3ra zosta\u0142a pomini\u0119ta w tym procesie jest mniejszo\u015b\u0107 chrze\u015bcija\u0144ska, kt\u00f3ra w ostatnich latach przesz\u0142a ze 10% spisu powszechnego do niespe\u0142na 1%. <strong>Chrze\u015bcijanie s\u0105 jedyn\u0105 grup\u0105 sierot w kraju<\/strong>. Bez pot\u0119\u017cnych zagranicznych sojusznik\u00f3w i dost\u0119pu do elit kraju, ignorowana mniejszo\u015b\u0107 chrze\u015bcija\u0144ska nie jest istotnym aktorem w pa\u0144stwie. Co gorsza, sta\u0142 si\u0119 on uj\u015bciem dla sekciarskiego gniewu przy ka\u017cdym z nieszcz\u0119\u015b\u0107 kraju w ostatnich latach. &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Desde una perspectiva geopol\u00edtica, Irak es un pa\u00eds que destaca por ser una tierra de paso, un lugar que ha sido desde hace siglos un tablero de juego para potencias fronterizas y distantes.&nbsp; Irak fue la posesi\u00f3n m\u00e1s oriental del imperio romano, aunque su dominio siempre fue d\u00e9bil debido a la presi\u00f3n persa. M\u00e1s tarde, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":23,"featured_media":9376,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_members_access_role":[],"_members_access_error":""},"categories":[36,46],"tags":[593],"class_list":["post-9374","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-actualidad","category-mundo","tag-irak"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Irak: en el ojo del hurac\u00e1n<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La inminente visita del Papa Francisco a Irak vuelve a poner en primer plano esta naci\u00f3n sacudida por la violencia en los \u00faltimos decenios.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/aktualnosci\/iraq-in-the-eye-of-the-hurricane\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pl_PL\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Irak: en el ojo del hurac\u00e1n\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La inminente visita del Papa Francisco a Irak vuelve a poner en primer plano esta naci\u00f3n sacudida por la violencia en los \u00faltimos decenios.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/aktualnosci\/iraq-in-the-eye-of-the-hurricane\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Omnes\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2021-02-24T04:23:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-03-03T12:21:47+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/irak-visita-papa.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"920\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"526\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Maria Jos\u00e9 Atienza\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Napisane przez\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Maria Jos\u00e9 Atienza\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Szacowany czas czytania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"5 minut\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"NewsArticle\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Maria Jos\u00e9 Atienza\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3e228ff043a513ce73d42dd73ea229ef\"},\"headline\":\"Irak: en el ojo del hurac\u00e1n\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-02-24T04:23:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-03-03T12:21:47+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1085,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/02\\\/irak-visita-papa.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Irak\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Actualidad\",\"Mundo\"],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":[\"WebPage\",\"ItemPage\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\\\/\",\"name\":\"Irak: en el ojo del hurac\u00e1n\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/02\\\/irak-visita-papa.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2021-02-24T04:23:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-03-03T12:21:47+00:00\",\"description\":\"La inminente visita del Papa Francisco a Irak vuelve a poner en primer plano esta naci\u00f3n sacudida por la violencia en los \u00faltimos decenios.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/02\\\/irak-visita-papa.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/02\\\/irak-visita-papa.jpg\",\"width\":920,\"height\":526,\"caption\":\"People walk past a mural of Pope Francis on a wall surrounding a church in Baghdad Feb. 22, 2021. Pope Francis plans to visit Iraq March 5-8. (CNS photo\\\/Khalid al-Mousily, Reuters)\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/actualidad\\\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Portada\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Irak: en el ojo del hurac\u00e1n\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/\",\"name\":\"Omnes\",\"description\":\"Informaci\u00f3n de la Iglesia y la sociedad\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"Omnes\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Omnes\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/12\\\/logo_omnes_negro.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/12\\\/logo_omnes_negro.png\",\"width\":15524,\"height\":3000,\"caption\":\"Omnes\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"}},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/3e228ff043a513ce73d42dd73ea229ef\",\"name\":\"Maria Jos\u00e9 Atienza\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pl-PL\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/01\\\/mjduo-100x100.jpg\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/01\\\/mjduo-100x100.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/01\\\/mjduo-100x100.jpg\",\"caption\":\"Maria Jos\u00e9 Atienza\"},\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.omnesmag.com\\\/pl\\\/author\\\/mjose\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Irak: w oku burzy","description":"Zbli\u017caj\u0105ca si\u0119 wizyta papie\u017ca Franciszka w Iraku ponownie stawia w centrum uwagi nar\u00f3d wstrz\u0105\u015bni\u0119ty przemoc\u0105 w ostatnich dekadach.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/aktualnosci\/iraq-in-the-eye-of-the-hurricane\/","og_locale":"pl_PL","og_type":"article","og_title":"Irak: en el ojo del hurac\u00e1n","og_description":"La inminente visita del Papa Francisco a Irak vuelve a poner en primer plano esta naci\u00f3n sacudida por la violencia en los \u00faltimos decenios.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/aktualnosci\/iraq-in-the-eye-of-the-hurricane\/","og_site_name":"Omnes","article_published_time":"2021-02-24T04:23:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2021-03-03T12:21:47+00:00","og_image":[{"width":920,"height":526,"url":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/irak-visita-papa.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Maria Jos\u00e9 Atienza","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Napisane przez":"Maria Jos\u00e9 Atienza","Szacowany czas czytania":"5 minut"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"NewsArticle","@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/actualidad\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/actualidad\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\/"},"author":{"name":"Maria Jos\u00e9 Atienza","@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3e228ff043a513ce73d42dd73ea229ef"},"headline":"Irak: en el ojo del hurac\u00e1n","datePublished":"2021-02-24T04:23:00+00:00","dateModified":"2021-03-03T12:21:47+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/actualidad\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\/"},"wordCount":1085,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/actualidad\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/irak-visita-papa.jpg","keywords":["Irak"],"articleSection":["Actualidad","Mundo"],"inLanguage":"pl-PL"},{"@type":["WebPage","ItemPage"],"@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/actualidad\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\/","url":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/actualidad\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\/","name":"Irak: w oku burzy","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/actualidad\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/actualidad\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/irak-visita-papa.jpg","datePublished":"2021-02-24T04:23:00+00:00","dateModified":"2021-03-03T12:21:47+00:00","description":"Zbli\u017caj\u0105ca si\u0119 wizyta papie\u017ca Franciszka w Iraku ponownie stawia w centrum uwagi nar\u00f3d wstrz\u0105\u015bni\u0119ty przemoc\u0105 w ostatnich dekadach.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/actualidad\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"pl-PL","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/actualidad\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/actualidad\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/irak-visita-papa.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/irak-visita-papa.jpg","width":920,"height":526,"caption":"People walk past a mural of Pope Francis on a wall surrounding a church in Baghdad Feb. 22, 2021. Pope Francis plans to visit Iraq March 5-8. (CNS photo\/Khalid al-Mousily, Reuters)"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/actualidad\/irak-en-el-ojo-del-huracan\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Portada","item":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Irak: en el ojo del hurac\u00e1n"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/","name":"Omnes","description":"Informacje o ko\u015bciele i spo\u0142ecze\u0144stwie","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/#organization"},"alternateName":"Omnes","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"pl-PL"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/#organization","name":"Omnes","url":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/logo_omnes_negro.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/logo_omnes_negro.png","width":15524,"height":3000,"caption":"Omnes"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"}},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/#\/schema\/person\/3e228ff043a513ce73d42dd73ea229ef","name":"Maria Jos\u00e9 Atienza","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pl-PL","@id":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/mjduo-100x100.jpg","url":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/mjduo-100x100.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/01\/mjduo-100x100.jpg","caption":"Maria Jos\u00e9 Atienza"},"url":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/author\/mjose\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9374","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/23"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9374"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9374\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9376"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9374"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9374"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.omnesmag.com\/pl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9374"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}