The World

Obituary: Tatiana Goritchéva, a brave woman

The Russian philosopher and dissident Tatiana Goritchéva (1947-2025) died recently with hardly any media coverage. A pioneer of Christian feminism and critic of the Soviet regime, her death has gone unnoticed despite the relevance of her work.

Santiago Leyra Curiá-September 27, 2025-Reading time: 5 minutes

Tatiana Goritchéva was born in St. Petersburg (then Leningrad) in 1947 and died in her hometown on September 23, 2025. There she studied philosophy and radio engineering and was for some time head of the Komsomol (Communist Youth).

At the age of 26 she converted to Christianity. Later she founded with some friends the first feminist movement in the Soviet Union, MARIA, from which she organized religious seminars and published two underground magazines. After several interrogations and imprisonments she was expelled from her country in 1980. For years she lived in exile in Paris. In her day she was able to meet personalities such as Heidegger, Sloterdijk and St. John Paul II.

In his books "Talking about God is dangerous. My experiences in Russia and in the West." (Herder, 1987); "The power of Christian madness. My experiences." (Herder, 1988) and "The strength of the weak". (Encounter, 1989), Dr. Goritchéva narrates how, as a communist youth leader and philosophy professor, she took refuge in a life of excess, enthusiasm for Western and Eastern philosophies and dedication to yoga. Until she meditated on the Lord's Prayer and found the faith that transformed her life.

Conversion

He understood "with all his being that God exists... a God who out of love became man.". He then rediscovered the Church in Russia, in spite of the persecution and gave a great testimony about the Russian people, about the sense of pain and persecution that, in spite of everything, cannot uproot the religious. This led him to make an appeal also to the people of the West to believe from the heart.

Goritchéva, in those now somewhat distant years, was convinced that only faith brings freedom: neither materialism nor communism nor even Eastern or Western-style cynicism provides it, but only what she called the "holy madness".

She was able to discover these madmen and fools in the midst of the uniformed masses of Russia and also in the consumer societies of the West. In these men and women Tatiana Goritchéva sees an opportunity for renewal for a Christianity that has adapted to the environment and seems to have lost its original strength. The Christian madmen are a sign of attention because they have the courage to live on the margins of society, at the very edge of existence.

Great humanity

Almost 30 years after those enlightening words, last year I had the good fortune to speak briefly with Tatiana Goritchéva again and I would have liked to talk with her about what it meant for a Russian emigrant to have to live in Europe. The longing for the warmth provided by human closeness and an intense spiritual life, as well as the difficult attempt to put down roots in the cold atmosphere of the West, revealed to her our shortcomings, which have become more acute in recent decades.

She told me that she did not want to diagnose or polemicize, but to move in the sphere of cordial conversation, in the sphere of God and Christian fraternity, that she tried to live intensely and daily from her hope. She was tired and ill and we could not exchange more than a few messages that I am transmitting here so that they are not lost in oblivion.

Three years ago, I wrote to her in Russian through social networks (advantages of modernity because I don't speak or write this beautiful language) showing interest in her and she replied: "Dear Santiago! Thank you for your interest in my personality. Now I am in St. Petersburg, but I am ill and will leave for Paris in a week. But I hope to return to St. Petersburg in one or two months. Then everything will be possible." And he gave me his telephone number. 

A month later I wrote to him again and he wrote back: "Dear friend! I am very glad of your interest in my modest person - and your love for Russia! But I am still undergoing treatment. And again they put me in the hospital (in Paris), where it is impossible to write, to give interviews... All my energy is spent on painful exercises and patient work on my body. Pray for me. I could give interviews in German, Russian, French... but everything has to happen in an atmosphere of creative openness and friendly understanding. Unfortunately, I won't be able to do that for a couple of months. In the hospital, I hope to be able to establish contact."

Love for animals

Already by whatsapp, to a photo I sent him of a student of mine making a presentation on Tatiana Goritchéva, he replied: Christ is risen! As I noticed that in his social networks he shared abundant photos of cats and other animals, including a nice picture of Benedict XVI already retired from the pontificate smiling at a kitten that grabbed him by his white cassock, it occurred to me to send him a video where you see a multitude of birds of all colors with the phrase "not even Solomon in all his glory could dress like that".

The next day he answered me: "Christ points directly to the supreme Beauty of birds and beasts. They have transmitted to us the harmony of heaven. They have preserved both Goodness and Truth".

One day she phoned me to tell me that we could not have the interview until she had recovered. She spoke Russian, French and German and I spoke Spanish and I was fluent in English. I thanked her for her call and assured her of my prayers. I would have liked to ask her how she is doing and what her life has been like since the 1990s when she was well known in Europe for her books. I would also like to know what Christianity brings her today.

Faith and today's society

Dostoevsky says in "The Idiot" that beauty will save the world and some people think that he was referring to moral beauty, to Jesus Christ, to the Good and to good people, in short. I would like to have asked him what Dostoevsky is still saying to people today. Also about his opinion on the role of Spain in history, his work in America, etc.

I was curious to know your opinion on how Christianity (itself humanly divided) can contribute to unity in our increasingly polarized societies, and how, if possible, Christianity can assume a leading role in the dialogue with a secularized society. And how it seemed to you that Christianity can assume - if possible - a leading role in the dialogue with a secularized society. Is this dialogue possible?

I remained without asking her what the Roman Church can contribute today to the Eastern "lung" of the Church; what authors had she read or was reading lately; what current Russian and foreign authors did she find of interest and why; did she read the novel "Laurus" by Evgenii Vodolazkin which was well received in Spain; how did Dr. Goritchéva see the role of intellectuals in building bridges between cultures and between people?How did Dr. Goritchéva see the role of intellectuals in building bridges between cultures and between people; and how did she see the situation of women in Europe and Russia today; how to avoid that a possible return to "traditional values" in Russia would result in a return to some of the sufferings endured by women in Soviet times?

I would have ended the possible interview by asking him about the current concern about the environmental issue and the role of a "integral ecology". (to be jointly concerned about the planet and people without seeing them as a dangerous threat). And I would also have asked him for his opinion on the role of the University today and how we can transmit hope to the new generations who seem to see only dark clouds on the horizon.

I was left wanting to hear her answers, but with the satisfaction of knowing that, despite the years and the difficulties, Tatiana Goritchéva has trusted to the end in Christ as Savior of the world and of each one of us.

The Vatican

Filippo Iannone appointed Prefect of the Dicastery for Bishops

The Carmelite takes command of the dicastery responsible for the world's bishops, vacant since the election of Robert Prevost as pontiff of the Catholic Church.

Maria José Atienza-September 26, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

The Holy See made public this midday the first "great" appointment of Pope Leo XIV within the Vatican structure: the Prefect of the Dicastery for Bishops.

Filippo Iannone, O. Carm., until now Prefect of the Dicastery for Legislative Texts, has been chosen by the Pontiff to succeed him in his task of electing and dealing with matters concerning pastors of local churches throughout the world and has also been appointed President of the Pontifical Commission for Latin America.

This is the first important appointment within the Vatican structure of Pope Leo XIV, although the Prefecture of the Dicastery for Legislative Texts will now become vacant. The new Prefect of the Dicastery for Bishops will take office on October 15.

Both the secretary of the Dicastery for Bishops, Bishop Ilson de Jesus Montanari and the undersecretary of the same Dicastery, Bishop Ivan Kovač have been confirmed for another five years.

Msgr. Filippo Iannone

Filippo Iannone was born on December 13, 1957 in Naples, Italy. In 1976 he entered the Carmelite Order and was ordained a priest on June 26, 1982, at the age of 24. The new Prefect for Bishops studied at the Pontifical Faculty of Theology of Southern Italy and worked as a lawyer at the Tribunal of the Rota.

In his order, Iannone served as commissioner, national treasurer, commissary councilor and president of the Commission for the revision of the Constitutions. In addition, in the Diocese of Naples, he held various positions of responsibility such as defender of the Regional Court of Campania (1987-1990), assistant judicial vicar of the Diocesan Court of Naples (1990-1994), episcopal vicar of the IV Pastoral Zone (1994-1996) and provicar general (1996-2001).

On April 12, 2001, he was appointed Auxiliary Bishop of Naples by St. John Paul II. Eight years later, he was appointed Titular Bishop of Sora-Aquino-Pontecorvo.

In January 2012, he was appointed Vice-Regent of Rome and then moved to the Pontifical Council for Legislative Texts in November 2017, as assistant secretary. A few months later, he was appointed President of this same Council.

He has also been part of, ad quinquenniumThe following are the members of various dicasteries and agencies of the Holy See, such as the Dicastery for the Clergy, the Congregation for the Causes of Saints, the Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura and the Congregation for Divine Worship and the Discipline of the Sacraments.

On June 5, 2022, with the entry into force of the Apostolic Constitution Praedicate Evangelium, he became Prefect of the Dicastery for Legislative Texts and is also part of the Dicastery for the Oriental Churches.

Cinema

A journey through your traumas. Not meant for perfect people

The film "Un gran viaje atrevido y maravilloso" dares to be different: a visually dazzling journey that mixes the intimate with the fantastic, where two strangers explore their past to learn to love in the present.

Patricio Sánchez-Jáuregui-September 26, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

Film

Address: Kogonada
ScriptSeth Reiss
DistributionMargot Robbie, Colin Farrell, Phoebe Waller-Bridge, Kevin Kline, Lily Rabe, among others.

At a time when romantic comedies tend to repeat themselves, "A Big, Bold and Wonderful Journey" takes the risk of proposing something different. 

Directed by Kogonada, a filmmaker renowned for his visual sensitivity, the film combines the intimate with the fantastic, offering a story that dazzles aesthetically and reflects on memory and love. The story follows Sarah (Margot Robbie) and David (Colin Farrell), two strangers who coincide at a wedding and, by chance - or providence - end up linked by a mysterious GPS. The device does not lead them along roads, but through the passages of their own past. Each stop is an encounter with wounds, memories and unresolved affections. What appears to be an accidental journey becomes an inner mirror where both must decide whether to remain trapped in what was or dare to walk towards the new. 

The film's great virtue lies in its visual approach (careful framing, silences charged with meaning, moments that seem suspended in time), and Robbie and Farrell bring an understated chemistry, conveying tenderness and melancholy with gestures rather than words, that appeals to a "backpack" audience, who can and should identify the parts of the script that seem terrible as intentional. As two people trying to pretend, not as a script lacking in truth. When the masks of the protagonists fall, the film begins to become an intimate experience about childhood and adolescent traumas that do not allow us to love. The formula to solve them is amusing, at the same time tender and captivating in many occasions. The result is uneven: fascinating in some parts, somewhat cold in others.

Beyond its limitations (sometimes the script suffers a little and leaves the glimpses of truth to be used in set phrases) the film reminds us that no one can run away from his story, but it does not determine us. The fantastic GPS symbolizes that guide that, like God's grace, leads us along unexpected paths towards the essential. Sometimes you just have to take the first step. The first yes. That small leap of faith. 

Thus, "A great, bold and wonderful journey" invites us to look at our "traumas", examine our backpack and move forward trusting that even the most painful things can be transformed and that we can all love. Life can always be a bold and wonderful journey. It is up to us.

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Evangelization

Saints Cosmas and Damian, martyrs, doctors of Syria

On September 26, the liturgy celebrates Saints Cosmas and Damian, twin brothers of the third century, and two of the most venerated martyrs of Christian antiquity. They practiced medicine in Cyrus, today Syria, and were martyred at the end of the century near Aleppo.  

Francisco Otamendi-September 26, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

Cosme and Damian were christian doctors famous for their professions and for the care for the sick. The two brothers were tortured, burned alive and, after surviving, beheaded by order of Diocletian around the year 300. Devotion to the two brothers spread in the second half of the fourth century.

The Martyrology Romano says: "Saints Cosimo and Damian, martyrs, who, according to tradition, practiced medicine in Ciro, of Augusta Eufratense (today Syria). Never asking for a reward and healing many with his free services (c. 3rd century)". Theodoret, bishop of Cyro in the 5th century, alludes to the basilica that both saints owned there.

Since the first half of the fifth century there were two churches in their honor in Constantinople, and two more were dedicated to them in the time of Justinian. This same emperor built them another in Pamphylia.

His devotion spread

In Cappadocia, in Matalasca, St. Sabas transformed the house of his parents into a basilica of St. Cosmas and St. Damian. In Jerusalem and Mesopotamia they also had temples. They were patrons of a hospital erected in Edessa in 457. The Oxyrhyrdic calendar of 535 reflects in Egypt that St. Cosmas had his own temple, and that the Coptic devotion to both saints always had a temple in Egypt. was fervent. In St. George of Thessalonica they appear in a mosaic with the qualification of martyrs and doctors. The most famous of the oriental sanctuaries was that of Aegea, in Cilicia.

In the West, they also began to have a great devotion to them. Besides the testimony of St. Gregory of Tours, there are others. In Rome they had more than ten churches dedicated to them. Saints Cosmas and Damian appear in the Roman Canon, in the Eucharistic Prayer I used in the Mass. The mosaics of Ravenna that celebrate them are famous. Physicians, pharmacists and health organizations have them as patrons.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Twentieth Century Theology

10 great books on Theology recommended by Juan Luis Lorda

The twentieth century has been fertile in theological works. Professor and theologian Juan Luis Lorda has selected the ten most important ones, although he mentions some more. Romano Guardini, one of the authors, summarizes them with this phrase: "the essence of Christianity is Jesus Christ". See the sample here.

Francisco Otamendi-September 26, 2025-Reading time: 5 minutes

The following are the ten books of Theology that the theologian Juan Luis Lorda considers most important in the 19th and especially in the 20th centuries. In his opinion, it is worth reading them, or at least getting to know them. 

"Sometimes you can't read a book in its entirety," he says, "but you can at least have a relationship with it, have it located, know what it's about, have read something, that helps a lot," says the professor from the University of Navarra. The comments are taken from Professor Lorda's video. This is their relationship.

1) 'Grammar of Assent', John Henry Newman (1801-1890)

Newman has many important books, but the most important is perhaps 'Grammar of Assent'. It is important because "it is a wonderful book, and a very difficult one, about faith, the motives of faith". It may not be easy to read at first, but it is worth knowing. The book had a great influence on Chesterton (1874-1936). When Chesterton explains why he was converted, he points to "a convergence of reasons", which "is exactly what 'Grammar of Assent' is talking about".

It's easier 'Apologia pro Vita SuaThis is basically a defense of his life and his approach to the Catholic Church, his incorporation into it. "Faced with an objection - that he had been disloyal, self-serving - Newman recounts his life, which is a life of faith, where the Lord shows himself to him". Perhaps it is a similar biography, of importance, in the 19th century, "to the one that has been that of saint Augustine, 'The Confessions', older, precious, worth reading, of course." 

2) 'Introduction to Christianity', Joseph Ratzinger (Benedict XVI) (1927-2022)

The figure of Joseph Ratzinger has had historical importance, and is gaining importance. Fifty years ago, if one were to ask which was the most important and significant theologian of the twentieth century, the answer is Joseph Ratzinger. Because he has a very complete work, although there are others who have worked more academically.

But when it comes down to it, Joseph Ratzinger, with the stages of his life, as a professor, as a bishop, as prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith, with a series of very important conferences, and then as Pope, has a very singular career. He has always been a theologian, everything he has done has been interesting. The book, from 1967 but very current, has an introductory character, for those who want to situate themselves. 

3) 'The Essence of Christianity', Romano Guardini

The author reflects on the essence of Christianity, which has a doctrine, a morality, a cult. But what is the most important thing? "The center, the essence of Christianity is a person, a living person, who is Jesus Christ our Lord," Juan Luis Lorda picks up on Guardini's words. "In Him is what Christianity is. He says it: 'I am the Way, the Truth and the Life'".

Another central book by Guardini is 'World and personwhich reads very well. Juan Luis Lorda also mentions two books on liturgy. 'The spirit of the liturgy', by the same author, Guardini, and 'Theology of the liturgy'.by Joseph Ratzinger, now included in his Collected Works.

4) 'God and us', Jean Danièlou

He says a lot in very few pages. "Jean Daniélou had a great capacity to synthesize, and he knew a lot," says theologian Lorda. To speak of the Christian God, he explains the God of religions, the God of philosophers, the God of the Old Testament, who made himself present to Abraham, the God of Jesus Christ, manifested in Christ, the God of the Church - how the Christian doctrine of God was constructed - the God of the mystics, the experience of God lived by Christians....

5) 'Catholicism', Henri de Lubac

Historically, it has had a lot of importance, emphasizes Juan Luis Lorda. De Lubac only wanted to emphasize that Christianity has a social aspect, it is lived within a society, the Church. A society that is the Body of Christ. And he emphasizes this by taking quotes from the Fathers. With this, he was doing, without realizing it, an ecclesiology, a treatise on the Theology of the Fathers, which had not been done, and in those years, was not very well known. For many, the book was the discovery of how the ancient Fathers of the Church thought about the Church.

Then, he ordered and published 'Meditations on the Church', also very nice, he points out.

6) 'Disunited Christians', Yves M. Congar (1904-1995)

Congar is a pioneer in ecumenism. The book gathers the principles of a Catholic ecumenism. "The position of the Church in this aspect has changed a little. It has gone from 'guarding borders' against others, to an attempt at dialogue, thinking about what the Lord wants." "This is summarized in the Second Vatican Council, and he owes a lot to Congar because he has studied it".

The Holy Spirit is also a very important book by Congar. He compiles in the book all the important questions about the Holy Spirit. Although it is not systematic and orderly, everything he says is interesting, with a historical flavor.

7) 'Glory', Hans Urs von Balthasar (1905-1988)

Von Balthasar has bequeathed to 20th century Theology above all his trilogy, although it has much more. It is centered on a great argument. Which is, in short, the following: 'Glory', the glory of God, the beauty of God, which has been manifested in the self-giving of the Son, who has gone so far as to die. That manifests the beauty of God's love, which is capable of that. That abasement and that surrender.

"Balthasar is a very German author, although he was Swiss, who wants to put 'everything in everything', I usually say that about him, which has a reading difficulty, everything is huge," Lorda explains.

8) 'Orthodoxy', and 'The Eternal Man', G.K. Chesterton (1874-1936)

Chesterton is, like C.S. Lewis, a great apologist for the faith. There are two books by Chesterton from the point of view of Theology. One is 'Orthodoxy', which describes the reasons for his conversion, using the same argument as Newman: "many converging reasons". For the testimony, the verisimilitude, the reasonableness he puts on many things in the world, etc. 

The first part of 'The Eternal Man' deals with the great contribution of Christianity to the world, in the face of rationalist, agnostic criticism. The second part deals with salvation through Jesus Christ. A few months later, C.S. Lewis read it, and it was very important for his conversion, as he himself says.

9) 'Mere Christianity', C.S. Lewis (1898-1963)

He has helped many converts, especially in the Anglo-Saxon area. Many quote him. Lewis was concerned with "retelling" things well. That is, to translate them into a language that is understood, without altering them. With the literary talent he had, the book has done a lot of good. Personally, says Lorda, I have been more impressed by other books, such as 'The Abolition of Man', which conveys the experience of natural law.

10) 'Mary in Scripture and in the Church', Cándido Pozo (1925-2011)

Perhaps it does not have the universal impact of others to which the author has referred. But Juan Luis Lorda assures that this book by Jesuit professor Candido Pozo explains Marian theology very well. In addition, it completes well, in the list he has made, the answer to the question of who Mary is in the life of the Church.

To conclude, it may be useful to listen to the last minute of the video, where Professor Lorda refers to a Theology of the Bible.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Books

10 films and books to learn about the history of the 20th century

Onésimo Díaz, in his book "Historia, cultura y cristianismo" (History, culture and Christianity) proposes different resources to learn about the history of the 20th century. In this article we propose a list of 10 books, films and biographies that offer a closer look at the historical facts.

Editorial Staff Omnes-September 26, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

The 20th century was marked by wars, revolutions, cultural changes and political transformations that still influence our world. Knowing about it requires more than dates and facts: we need stories that bring us closer to the experiences of those who lived through it. Inspired by the book "Historia, cultura y cristianismo (1870-2020)" by Onésimo Díaz, in this article we recommend a selection of novels and their film adaptations, history books and biographies that allow us to understand the main events of the 20th century in a pleasant and profound way.

From "The Leopard" to "Kites in the Sky", these works offer different perspectives on themes such as freedom and oppression, war and peace, religion and secularization, as well as major historical milestones: the world wars, the Cold War, decolonization or the threat of global terrorism.

10 movies based on novels to learn about recent history

  1. "The Gatopardo" (1963). Luchino Visconti: representative of the turn of the century.
  2. "Doctor Zhivago" (1965). David Lean: representative of World War I and the Russian Revolution.
  3. "The Cardinal" (1963). Otto Preminger: representative of the interwar period.
  4. "Return to Brideshead." (1981). BBC series: representative of the interwar period.
  5. "The Grapes of Wrath." (1940). John Ford: representative of the Great Depression.
  6. "What's left of the day." (1993). James Ivory: representative of totalitarianism.
  7. "The twenty-fifth hour." (1949). Henri Verneuil: representative of the Second World War.
  8. "The third man" (1949). Carol Reed: representative of the Cold War.
  9. "Live!" (1994). Zhang Yimou: representative of Mao's China.
  10. "Kites in the sky". (2007). Marc Forster: representative of Islamic fundamentalism.

10 history books of the 20th century

  1. "Earthly Power. Religion and Politics in Europe from the French Revolution to World War I."(2005). Michael Burleigh: a good analysis of the world before the Great War.
  2. "World War I." (2002). Michael Howard: synthesis of the Great War.
  3. "Fracture. Life and Culture in the West, 1918-1938." (2015). Philipp Blom: overview on the culture of the interwar period.
  4. "Europe at War, 1939-1945 - Who really won World War II?" (2008). Norman Davies: a readable and insightful account of World War II.
  5. "Fear and Freedom. How World War II Changed Us." (2017). Keith Lowe: original worldview around World War II.
  6. "Postwar. A History of Europe since 1945." (2005). Tony Judt: Europe critically and originally analyzed.
  7. "The Cold War. A Brief Introduction." (2003). Robert J. McMahon: synthesis of half a century of world history.
  8. "Civilization. The West and the Rest." (2011). Niall Ferguson: suggestive analysis on the rise and fall of Western civilization.
  9. "The past of an illusion". (1995). François Furet: explanation of the fall of communism.
  10. "Blood and Rage. A cultural history of terrorism." (2008). Michael Burleigh: origin and evolution of terrorism.

10 biographies and memoirs to learn about recent history

  1. "Yesterday's World. Memoirs of a European". (1944). Stefan Zweig: representative work of the turn of the century.
  2. "A Look Back. Autobiography." (1934). Edith Wharton: autobiography representative of the turn of the century and the First World War.
  3. "Confessions." (1958). Boris Pasternak: representative thoughts of the tenth and twenties.
  4. "Confessions of a bourgeois". (1934). Sándor Márai: representative book of the interwar period.
  5. "Story of a German. Memoirs 1914-1933." (1939). Sebastian Haffner: representative work of the interwar period and totalitarianism.
  6. "My life" (1968). Oswald Mosley: a work on totalitarianism.
  7. "Memories" (1969). Albert Speer: a memoir of World War II.
  8. "Memoirs. Coces al aguijón". (1975). Alexandr Solzhenitsin: representative text of the communist world during the Cold War.
  9. "Towards infinity" (2015). Jane Hawking: a realist view of the Western world during the Cold War.
  10. "A personal story." (1997). Katharine Graham: representative work of the end of the Cold War.
Cinema

"Encyclopedia of Istanbul": a thought-provoking series.

Netflix premieres Turkish director Selman Nacar's series, a delicate tale of identity, tradition and the choices that mark the lives of two women in Istanbul.

Yolanda Cagigas-September 26, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

This year, Netflix has released the series "Encyclopedia of Istanbul" by screenwriter and director Selman Nacar (1990, Turkey).

Nacar's first two productions - "Entre dos amaneceres" (2021) and "Herida de vacilación" (2023) - have in common that their protagonists must make a moral decision. For both, the young director has accumulated awards. For the first, he won the award for Best Feature Film at the Turin Film Festival and was nominated for the New Directors Award at the San Sebastian Film Festival and the Horizon Award at the Venice Film Festival. For the second, it won Best International Feature Film at the Zurich Film Festival and Best Director at the Arras Film Festival.

"Encyclopaedia of Istanbul" is a Turkish series that moves away from clichés, that is completely different. It tells the story of two women, a young woman - Zehra - who, full of illusion and vitality, moves from her province to Istanbul to begin her university studies. The other, Nesrin, is a mature woman who oozes sadness and wants to leave Istanbul.

The series raises issues such as identity, life choices, tensions between tradition and modernity, the desire for integration and the need for emancipation, among others. Perhaps the success that, according to Begoña Alonso (ELLE), it has had among Turkish women is due to the fact that it deals with latent issues in contemporary Turkish society.

Leaving home and arriving in Istanbul, an environment so different from her childhood, Zehra questions her own beliefs and values, experiences moments of doubt, rebellion and faith, and these are narrated with great delicacy. 

On the other hand, despite the generational difference, and a stormy beginning in the relationship between Zehra and Nesrin, as the series progresses both women grow in knowledge, understanding and mutual enrichment.in 2024, in an interview to "The circular Group" Nacar stated: "stories must be told from the heart". It may be that in the face of the rational predominance that - as cultural heirs of Descartes - is predominant in our Western way of thinking, we are facing a different - more Eastern - way of telling stories. The protagonists of this series pose a multitude of dilemmas, but all of them are left open, perhaps an invitation to each viewer to make their own reflections. Yes, it is a series that makes you think, and for this alone it is worth watching.

The authorYolanda Cagigas

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Spain

Hope, the focus of the next Congress of Catholics and Public Life 

José Masip and María San Gil, co-directors of the Congress, have announced the main novelties of this meeting, which this year celebrates its 27th edition under the slogan "You, hope".

Maria José Atienza-September 25, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute

The Jubilee Year of Hope that the Catholic Church is experiencing this year is present in the XXVII Conference Catholics and Public Life 2025. It is this virtue that will be the focus of a conference in which will participate, among other speakers Kevin Roberts, president of The Heritage Foundation, Sophia Kuby, director of Strategic Relations and Training of ADF International, the Venezuelan activist and founder of the NGO Operation Freedom, Laurent Saleh or the disseminator of family issues, Pep Borrell. 

This was announced by the coordinators of the Conference, José Masip and María San Gil, in a meeting with the media at the Colegio Mayor San Pablo in Madrid. José Masip emphasized the commitment of Catholics, especially the media, in the field of "giving hope". "The Catholic by his very being can never give up hope," said Masip. 

Reading of the manifesto

For her part, Maria San Gil was in charge of reading the manifesto of this congress, which emphasizes that "without absolute truths, with our backs turned to God and normalizing his abandonment in public life, we will continue in free fall towards the abyss. Therefore, Catholics have the obligation to identify the Truth in each and every one of the facts that we live". 

With 27 national editions behind it and many others in other parts of Spain such as Valencia, Bilbao or Cadiz, Catholics and Public Life has established itself as one of the key events in the thought and action of Spanish Catholics in civil, social, political and cultural life.

Evangelization

'The Bible, search the scriptures' as "the living word of God for us."

In the presentation of 'The Bible, scrutinize the Scriptures' by the BAC and Editorial San Paolo, the new features of this new edition were explained and we were encouraged to understand that the Bible "contains more than what it contains," in the words of Francesco G. Voltaggio.

Teresa Aguado Peña-September 25, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

The Francisco de Vitoria University was today the scene of the official presentation of the Spanish edition of 'La Biblia. Escrutad las Escrituras', an ambitious publishing project that is the result of years of work by more than 50 specialists and internationally coordinated by Ezechiele Pasotti, Giacomo Perego, Fabrizio Fico and Francesco G. Voltaggio.

The event, organized jointly by the Biblioteca de Autores Cristianos (BAC) and Editorial San Pablo, was attended by the Auxiliary Bishop of Madrid, Juan Antonio Martínez Camino; the Vice-Secretary for Economic Affairs of the Episcopate, Fernando Giménez Barriocanal; and the Secretary General of the Spanish Episcopal Conference, César García Magán. Also present were Juan Carlos García Domene, director of the BAC; Rafael Espino Guzmán, director of San Pablo España; Pedro Ignacio Fraile Yécora, technical coordinator of the Spanish edition; and the editors of the original work, Giacomo Perego and Francesco G. Voltaggio.

During his speech, García Domene emphasized that "the publication of a new edition of the Bible is always a celebration" because it means offering the Church and the whole of society an authentic library that enriches culture, language, faith and life. He also recalled the trajectory of the BAC in the diffusion of biblical texts since 1944, underlining that this is already the eighth edition of the Bible in its catalog. He thus celebrated that "little by little we are achieving, little by little, the unification for liturgical texts, catechetical materials, magisterial documentation, etc."

For his part, Espino Guzman expressed his gratitude for the collective effort and evoked Blessed James Alberione, founder of the Society of St. Paul: "Today, the pulpit is not enough in the Church; we need all the means to communicate the Gospel. He stressed that Sacred Scripture, "God's letter to mankind," must always occupy first place in the Pauline apostolate.

The Spanish edition of 'La Biblia. Escrutad las Escrituras' -published after its success in Italian, Portuguese and Arabic- includes introductions to each biblical book, abundant thematic notes, parallel quotations, an updated atlas and chronology, a theological index and a vocabulary of biblical terminology with more than 350 terms. Its method proposes three stages: "scrutatio, meditatio and oratio", to favor not only the study, but also the personal encounter with the Word of God.

Pedro Ignacio Fraile stressed the importance of recognizing the unity of meaning between the Old and New Testaments. He pointed out that, although a rupture is often perceived between the two, this new edition highlights and facilitates the continuity and coherence that exists between them. Thus, he encouraged us to savor the Bible "as the living word of God for us".

In his concluding remarks, Francesco G. Voltaggio recalled the eight hermeneutical principles that inspired this edition and encouraged those present to proclaim the word: "The Bible was not meant to be enjoyed individually but to be proclaimed and shared in community. He also commented on the multiple meanings of the Bible: "To limit oneself to literalism is to go astray". He concluded by pointing out that at a time when language is full of hatred, it is necessary to incorporate and bring to the world the language of love found in the Bible.

With 3,024 pages printed on cream bible paper and available in hard cover or with slipcase, this edition is a decisive step in bringing Holy Scripture closer to the Spanish-speaking community. "May this Bible be a lamp to our feet and a light to our path," concluded the speakers, alluding to Psalm 118.

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Evangelization

St. Cleophas, one of the disciples of Emmaus

On September 25, the Church commemorates St. Cleophas, one of the disciples of Emmaus. On Easter evening, Cleopas and another disciple of Jesus were on their way to Emmaus. On the way Jesus Christ appeared to them and explained the Scriptures to them, and their hearts burned.

Francisco Otamendi-September 25, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

But St. Cleopas and the other disciple, when they were near Emmaus, stopped him and said to him, "Stay with us, for it is getting dark. (...) And when they were at table together," the Lord "took bread, blessed it, broke it, and gave it to them. Then their eyes were opened and they recognized him, but he disappeared from their presence. (...)".  

They returned to Jerusalem and told the Apostles what had happened to them on the road, "and how they had recognized him in the breaking of the bread" (Lk 24:13-35).

St. Luke the Evangelist, immediately after this, writes: "While they were talking about these things, Jesus stood in the midst, and said to them, 'Peace be with you.'"

They met the Savior

The Roman Martyrology thus records. "Commemoration of St. Cleophas, disciple of the Lord. He and the other itinerant companion, whose heart was burning when Christ, on Easter evening, appeared to them on the road, explaining the Scriptures to them. Later, in the house of Cleophas, in Emmaus, they met the Savior in the breaking of the bread".

The name of Cleophas appears twice in the Gospels. Once in St. Luke, as we have seen. And the other in St. John. "There stood by the cross of Jesus his mother, and his mother's sister Mary of Clopas, and Mary Magdalene," recounts the Gospel (Jn, 19-25).

St. Sergius of Radonez, Russian master hermit

The liturgy also celebrates the master of Russian monastic life and protector of Russia, St. Sergius of Radonez. Born of a noble family in Rostov around the year 1314. At the age of twenty he began his eremitical life in a forest near Radonez, not far from Moscow. 

Soon he was joined by many followers, and in 1354 he began monastic life in community with them. Thus was born the monastery of the Holy Trinity, a point of reference for monasticism in northern Russia. St. John Paul II commented on it in the Angelus of October 4, 1992, referring to an analogy with St. Francis of Assisi.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

The Vatican

Borgo Laudato Si': the Pope's summer residence and the dream of caring for creation

Visit the "natural cathedral" at Castel Gandolfo, near Rome, and the integral ecology training center inaugurated by Pope Leo XIV.

Luísa Laval-September 25, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

"Where beauty took root". This is the motto that opens the tour of the Pontifical Villa of Castel Gandolfo, where Pope Leo XIV spends a good part of the month of July and goes every week (on Tuesdays, the usual day of rest for pontiffs). In early September he inaugurated Borgo Laudato Si', an initiative promoted by his predecessor Francis that houses a center for development and training in integral ecology.

Visitors find a true hidden oasis about 40 minutes by train from Rome. It is a good option to escape the crowded streets of the Eternal City and contemplate the combination of the beauty of nature and Roman architecture. The place was opened to the public in 2014, a time when Pope Francis was no longer using the pontifical residence, as he was not in the habit of taking vacations.

The villa has a grandiose past: the site where Castel Gandolfo stands today was in the ancient city of Alba Longa, legendary birthplace of Romulus and Remus. It served as a resting place for the Roman nobility. Emperor Domitian (81-96 AD) had an immense country villa here, with pavilions, gardens and aqueducts, the remains of which can still be seen today on the guided tour. Emperor Hadrian (117-138 A.D.) also used the villa until he inaugurated Villa Adriana in Tivoli, another retreat in the outskirts of Rome.

It was Pope Urban VIII Barberini (1623-1644) who transformed the castle into a papal summer residence, entrusting the project to Gian Lorenzo Bernini. From then on, it became the "summer palace of the popes". During World War II, the property welcomed refugees of all origins, including Jews. Today, the papal complex covers 55 hectares.

The visit

The guided tour (on foot or by electric minibus) goes through the Barberini Gardens, built on the ancient villa of Domitian. They are huge (30 hectares) and of great historical and botanical value, as they contain Roman ruins, such as the remains of the theater, cryptoporticos and imperial structures. It highlights a corridor that served as the "winter garden" of the emperor, 300 meters long: today 120 meters are preserved, and the structure can still be seen.

The visitor is introduced to the story behind the planted trees, with biblical references: tall cypress trees, symbolizing the struggle toward Heaven and immortality; olive trees, which in the New Testament is the royal plant for Christ entering Jerusalem, symbolizing Christ himself and the Church; and even an 800-year-old oak tree, evoking the same type of tree from which Jesus' cross was made. Most trees have evergreen leaves, representing stability and eternity.

During the tour, it is also possible to see baroque fountains, geometric paths typical of the Italian Renaissance garden and agricultural areas (orchards, fruit trees, vineyards) that still today produce oil and wine used in Vatican ceremonies.

In this place, it is easy to apply the words of Pope Leo, who defined the garden as a "natural cathedral". "Almost implicitly taking up the Genesis account, Jesus emphasizes the special place reserved, in the creative act, for the human being: the most beautiful creature, made in the image and likeness of God. But with this privilege is associated a great responsibility: that of caring for all other creatures, respecting the Creator's plan".

Borgo Laudato Si': the seed of change

Pope Francis, in creating Borgo Laudato Si' at his residence in Castel Gandolfo, wanted to ensure that it was guided by the principles of the encyclical. Laudato Si'published in May 2015. The project is developed around three axes: education in integral ecology, circular and generative economy, and environmental sustainability.

The Borgo unites two souls: the Laudato Si' High Formation Center, the educational heart of the project, and an agricultural system based on the same principles.

Now, in addition to its natural beauty, the village has become a large training center for training activities for students, professionals and vulnerable communities. Each year, the complex will receive up to 2,000 students from all over the world, including young people with disabilities, sent by the dioceses.

At the inauguration of the space on the 5th, Pope Leo toured the entire property in an electric golf cart and greeted those responsible for the administration of the Borgo and the families of the employees and students. The meeting left images that conquered the world, such as the moment when he stopped to feed some fish or when he was presented with a calf.

The Pope recalled that Christ invited the disciples to look at "the birds of the air" and to observe "how the lilies of the field grow". The Pontiff remarked how flora and fauna are often the protagonists of the Gospel parables, but, in this case, the invitation serves to "understand the original design of the Creator".

"Everything was wisely ordered, from the beginning, so that all creatures would contribute to the realization of the Kingdom of God. Each creature has an important and specific role in his plan, and each one is a 'good thing,' as the Book of Genesis emphasizes," he added.

Education

Rebeca Barba: "Our wounds come from not having been loved and not knowing how to love".

The speech of Rebeca Barba, a Mexican specialized in the Theology of the Body, Love and Sexuality, deserves a reflection. She is coming out of a malignant carcinoma, and is a speaker at the Congress of Catholic Educators held by the Francisco de Vitoria University (UFV). The event is 100 % online and free, and focuses on mental health and sexuality.

Francisco Otamendi-September 25, 2025-Reading time: 4 minutes

"My life changed a year ago when I discovered I had a malignant carcinoma in my left breast. I had already been talking about the Theology of the Body and inner healing for a few years. But again I confirmed that God wanted my preaching to come from my own experience," Professor Rebeca Barba told Omnes before the start of the UFV Congress.

"You can know a lot about pain and read about it, but living it is something else. I thank God for the gift of my faith and the certainty that He wants us safe and sound," he adds from Mexico.

God's love has manifested itself in a thousand ways, she explains. She feels "very blessed. And "at the end of the worst part of my treatment (chemotherapy and radiation), I realize I still have the gift of life to try to continue learning to love in order to heal".

Mental health and sexuality 

The VI edition of the Congress of Catholic Educators takes place until October 5 and is organized by the Instituto Desarrollo y Persona. It is aimed especially at trainers, educators, parents, teachers, psychologists and pastoral agents. The opening ceremony, also online, was attended by the rector of the UFV, Daniel Sada, and by Monsignor Ginés García Beltrán, bishop of Getafe, with the title "Mental health and the human heart".

Rebeca Barba was educated at the Universidad Anáhuac (Mexico), at the Ateneo Regina Apostolorum in Rome, in the Master's program in Marriage and Family at the University of Navarra, and in the United States. She is a consecrated member of Regnum Christi and a passionate promoter, she says, of the Theology of the Body of St. John Paul II. Here is the brief conversation.

Rebeca Barba feels "very blessed" by God.

Cases of mental health conditions are on the rise in recent years. What is causing this incidence? How do you assess it?

- I have not studied the subject in depth but I can give you my personal opinion. I believe that we live in a society where marriage and the family have been harshly attacked. This leads to insecure or difficult terrain from the very beginning in order to grow up with a healthy psychology. The security that unconditional love from home gives, is key to be able to enjoy mental health. 

On the other hand, we cannot hide the fact that the lack of God and the weakening of faith make people face many vicissitudes and carry heavy burdens, abandoned to their own strength. The human being has a limit and we must recognize it, ask for the right help, strengthen loving relationships, in order to live with greater hope. 

What would you recommend in terms of mental health prevention? Especially to young people.

- Almost all my life I have worked with young people, and together with St. John Paul II, I believe that they are the hope of the future. There are many of them confused by the ideologies in vogue or the lack of affective roots, but many more -disappointed by what the world offers them-, renew their search to quench their thirst for love and fulfillment. 

A young person, in order to maintain his mental health, must be a young person with ideals and dreams, with opportunities to love and be loved, with opportunities to do good and make a difference. And above all, he needs a living experience of God's love, a God who is close, merciful, who for the same reason, will not let him sink into mediocrity or disorder. A life in the order of true love, a friend who knows how to listen and support, a gaze that often looks up to heaven, a music that touches the deepest fibers of the heart..., that's what he needs.

And once a process has been unleashed, what is your advice? 

- The psycho-spiritual therapy that is beginning to open its field in our days, if it cannot be all in one combo, I believe that we should at least make sure that you have the help of a health professional. In addition to a spiritual companion, and find people who really love him to accompany him with patience in his process. 

Rebeca Barba teaches the course 'Amar más, sana'.

On the other hand, you are a regular lecturer on Theology of the Body, love and sexuality. Tell me a couple of concepts that can help people the most.

- We Catholics need to learn about Affectivity and Sexuality from a positive and affirming point of view, as explained by John Paul II. What we have lacked is instruction in the beauty of creation, in the perfection of what God has created, in understanding why in the best way to live true love. 

Finally, I believe that as we recover an understanding of the dignity of the human person and the meaning of his or her high vocation to love, we will achieve greater happiness and harmony with God, with others and with ourselves. 

Loving more, heals' is the title of one of your courses. Can I explain? What do you mean when you talk about a path of healing, or learning to love to heal yourself?

- There are many Catholics who are not familiar with the subject of healing or may be suspicious or skeptical. The important thing here is to understand what this means: it is an unceasing process of love and transformation in God, which implies consciously embracing what has been experienced so that pain does not have the last word. 

My course is called 'Loving more, heals', because I firmly believe that all our wounds come from not having been loved and not knowing how to love correctly. One begins to heal when one has the experience of being loved there at one's worst, and that capacity is in Christ, the one who has loved us first and continues to love us to enable us again to love through his healing or salvation. 

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Gospel

What we need to save ourselves. 26th Sunday in Ordinary Time (C)

Joseph Evans comments on the readings for the 23rd Sunday in Ordinary Time (C) corresponding to September 28, 2025.

Joseph Evans-September 25, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

Jesus tells a parable about what happens when you love money and riches. It is about a rich man who lived surrounded by luxury, completely ignoring the poor man who lived at his doorstep. The poor man dies and finds comfort in the afterlife. The rich man dies and goes to hell.

The key message of the parable is that we cannot be indifferent to the poor and their needs. We cannot live selfishly in comfort while exploiting the poor or living at their expense. We will be punished for it in the next life. The poor and the wretched will be consoled; those who exploit them will be punished. But in addition, we will be punished not only for abusing or exploiting the poor, but even for ignoring them. We will be punished for the evil we did and for the good we did not do.

The rich man in the parable did not treat the poor man badly: he did not throw him out, he simply ignored him, while he lived surrounded by luxuries, "he dressed in purple and linen and feasted every day.". The purple dye could be afforded only by the rich. The rich man would not even give him his leftovers. The man was full of wounds, but he was too weak to chase away the dogs that came to lick them. Or maybe the dogs were trying to show him a little compassion when the humans would not.

The desire for wealth and comfort, always wanting more, makes us insensitive and hard-hearted. The first reading offers ancient examples of luxurious living that are actually very modern. It is a hedonistic lifestyle based on expensive possessions, pampering of the body, and overindulgence in food and drink. The conclusion is that the rich have received their reward on earth and can only expect torment in eternity.

But the Gospel also conveys another message. When the rich man sees that there is no way to escape Hell, he asks Abraham to send Lazarus to warn his brothers, so that they do not also go to Hell. Note that the text speaks clearly about the reality of Hell. The quid of Abraham's answer is that God has already given us all the teachings we need to avoid Hell and get to Heaven, and that we should not expect extraordinary revelations. God gives us this teaching through the Bible, the teaching of the Church and its priests, and through our conscience.

Today's Gospel makes it clear that God gives us everything we need to save ourselves: this includes all the teaching and guidance we need, but also opportunities to do good to those in need, since, as our Lord clearly teaches elsewhere (Mt 25:31-46), we must also perform works of mercy to be welcomed in Heaven.

The Vatican

Pope invites Church to pray rosary for peace in October

During today's Audience, Pope Leo XIV invited everyone to pray the Rosary for peace, especially in the family, in community, during the month of October. Every day, at 7:00 p.m., a Rosary will take place in St. Peter's Basilica. On Saturday, October 11, during the vigil of the Jubilee of Marian Spirituality, there will be a Rosary for peace and the opening of the Second Vatican Council will be remembered.

Francisco Otamendi-September 24, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

Pope Leo XIV has summoned everyone, in the Audience The Pope said that the Pope will be calling on everyone to pray a rosary for peace every day of the month of October, especially as a family, in community. In addition, on the 11th there will be a special Rosary for peace in San Pedro.

On a rainy day in Rome, with many umbrellas, the Pontiff made the announcement taking into account that "the month of October is dedicated by the Church to the Holy Rosary".

The invitation is to everyone, with special words for those who serve in Vatican City. Vatican employees and workers have been invited to pray this Marian prayer in St. Peter's Basilica every day at 7:00 p.m.

October 11, anniversary of the inauguration of Vatican II

In addition, Leo XIV said that on the evening of Saturday the 11th, at 6:00 p.m., in St. Peter's Square, the anniversary of the opening of the Vatican Council II.

St. John XXIII officially inaugurated the Second Vatican Council on October 11, 1962, during a solemn ceremony in St. Peter's Basilica, a council that would last 4 years, until its closure on December 8, 1965. At the inauguration, St. John XXIII, Pope Roncalli, delivered his speech 'Gaudet Mater Ecclesiae'.

The deepest and most radical gesture of God's love

In his catechesis, the Pope continued to contemplate the mystery of Holy Saturday, and focused on the descent of Jesus into hell, to which the First Letter of St. Peter refers.

What is happening is a salvific action, he pointed out. "Christ descends into the depths of death to bring the proclamation of the Resurrection to all those who lay in darkness. This event represents the most profound and radical gesture of God's love for humanity. He wanted to look for us there in the hells, that is, in that existential condition where pain, loneliness, guilt and separation from God and from others reign". 

"Christ descends there to liberate even today those who live in death because of evil and sin, those who live the daily hell of loneliness, shame, abandonment or weariness of life," he stressed.

If we have "hit rock bottom", God is merciful

Christ enters "into all these dark realities not to judge, but to liberate. Not to blame, but to save. Christ descends among the dead to manifest the love of the Father. Therefore, there is no past so damaged or history so irreparable that it cannot be touched by his mercy. 

If at times it seems to us that "we have hit rock bottom, let us remember that this is the place from which God is able to begin a new creation made of forgiven hearts," Leo XIV pointed out.

Also in Romanian

The Audience today inaugurated the reading in the Romanian and Slovak languages, in addition to the usual languages.

To the Romanian- and Hungarian-speaking pilgrims, the Pope said: "I address my cordial greetings to the Romanian- and Hungarian-speaking people, in particular to the faithful of the Greek-Catholic Eparchy of Maramures, Braşov, as well as to the delegation of Romanian senators, lawyers, professors and representatives of civil society. May this visit to the city of the Apostles Peter and Paul strengthen your faith, so that you may be ever more credible witnesses of the Gospel in the family and in society. To all my blessing!"

And in Slovako

"I address a cordial greeting to the Slovak-speaking faithful," he then added. "In particular, to the participants in the 19th pilgrimage of the Ordinariate of the Armed Forces and Armed Corps of the Slovak Republic, together with the parish groups."

"Dear brothers and sisters, you have come here in the Jubilee Year to pass through the Holy Doors. I wish you to be courageous witnesses to the Gospel of hope in the environment in which you live and work. With joy I impart the Apostolic Blessing to you, to your service and to your loved ones in the homeland. May Jesus Christ be praised!".

At the end, after the words in Italian, and before giving the Blessing, the Pope addressed his "thoughts to the young, the sick and the newlyweds. May friendship with Jesus be for you a source of joy, an inspiring motive for every choice, a consolation in moments of suffering and trial. To all my blessing!"

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Evangelization

Saint Mary, Mother of Mercy

The Church celebrates the Virgen de la Merced on September 24. The friars who followed the founder of the Order of the Mercedarians, St. Peter Nolasco, were persuaded that the Virgin Mary intervened in its foundation. For this reason, in the Constitutions of 1272, they called it the Order of the Virgin Mary of Mercy for the redemption of captives.

Francisco Otamendi-September 24, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

When the Mercedarians built their first church in 1249, they dedicated it to Saint Mary, whose image began to be known as Santa María de la Merced, and from there their worship would spread to all the churches where the Mercedarians established themselves.

In the evangelization of America, from 1493, the second voyage of Columbus, with the mercedarians Mary of Mercy always went there. Popular devotion modified her name, calling her Our Lady of Mercy. That is to say, she is the distributor of all the gifts that her Redeemer Son has deposited in her hands.

As devotion to Mary, in her invocation of Mercy, acquired great diffusion, the Church in 1616, with Pius V, in 1684 and in 1696, extended her cult to all of Christendom. The current Constitutions of the Order of Mercy proclaim the following. "For his intervention in the beginning and life of the Order that bears his name, we Mercedarians call upon Mary, Mother of Mercy. And we venerate her as the inspirer of his work of redemption".

Patron Saint of Barcelona

September 24 is the feast of the Mother of God of La Mercèpatron saint of Barcelona. You can see the history and the celebration in the city of Barcelona in the mercedarian web. Only a few features are shown here.

Already in 1255 there was a Confraternity dedicated to the Virgin of Mercy. The convent enjoyed great prestige in the city, as it was customary for the freed captives to walk through some of the streets of Barcelona in procession. The city thanked the Mare de Deu de la Mercé for her help during the plagues of 1651 and the drought of 1680. At the end of the locust plague of the same year, Maria de la Merced was declared Patron Saint of Barcelona.

On October 21, 1888 the image of the Mare de Déu de la Mercé was crowned in the cathedral by the bishop of Barcelona, with the approval of Pope Leo XIII on May 31.

Some saints have turned to Our Lady of Mercy at various times, for example St. Josemaría Escrivá. All the invocations of the Virgin Mary that he knew found a place in his heart. And some of them took on special relevance at specific moments: the Virgen de la Merced, patron saint of Barcelona, was one of them.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Evangelization

Breaking the mold: Jesus' view of women

If we ask AI about the most relevant revolutions in history, we find scientific, glorious, industrial, French, US independence, Russian, Chinese... But there are not two transcendental revolutions for the history of humanity, although they are the same. That of love, the nuclear message of Jesus, and in parallel, his view of women, which breaks the mold.

Francisco Otamendi-September 24, 2025-Reading time: 5 minutes

In Jesus' time, two thousand years ago, women had no role to play. Neither then nor in all pre-Christian societies. But "in the history of God's friends, the role of women is the same as that of men," says lawyer Benigno Blanco in a podcast entitled 'The Role of Women'.The new influencers IIIcentered on Mary Magdalene, Jesus' disciple. 

A similar thesis is formulated by María Blanco, professor of State Ecclesiastical Law at the University of Navarra, with an academic prism. In her work Women in the Church (2020), the jurist emphasizes that Jesus Christ "was the authentic generator and promoter of their dignity". 

In a brief historical overview, Maria Blanco assures us that "the actions of Jesus Christ towards women were characterized by "an extraordinary transparency and depth". And she adds: "the strength of his behavior distills "the respect and honor due to women".

In his opinion, "the humanization brought about by Christianity is shown, among other things, in this appreciation of woman as what she is: a daughter of God, exactly the same as man".

God seeks friends 

Benigno Blanco's exposition delves into details that allow us to observe why Jesus' behavior and view of women is truly revolutionary. 

Throughout history, God has been looking for friends, to whom he has transmitted his message. He takes care of them, has a personalized relationship with them, and asks them to transmit the old Revelation of God to humanity.

Before Christ, it was Abraham, David, Moses..., who received and transmitted God's plans for humanity. This intensified when Christ became Man and came to earth. What God did on earth was to seek out a series of friends with whom He established a very special relationship, to whom He told His plans for mankind in a more intimate way. And He asked them, when He left this world, to continue transmitting, generation after generation, this message of God. 

In the Old Testament tradition, unlike the Greek and Roman cultures, there are women who are protagonists. Mary, Moses' sister, Ruth, who gives her name to a Book, and some others. 

Status of women in Greece, Rome and the Jewish world.

After talking about St. Peter in another podcast, Blanco focuses on Mary Magdalene, and launches some elementary ideas about the status of women in that society.

"In all pre-Christian societies, women did not play a role". We know quite a bit about Greece and Rome. Discrimination. Women had no role in public life, they were at home, except for being 'wife of', for example, wife of the emperor, and mother of his children. 

A Greek writer of that time summarized the role of women in Athens as follows: "women are prostitutes for pleasure, and women to give us children". "Woman had no legal personality, and belonged to her father, and then to her husband", in Roman law. "In Jewish culture it was more or less the same". 

Women had no role in public life, no culture, no politics, no such thing. Their role was reduced to the home. They could not trade and could not be witnesses in a trial. Benigno Blanco, a lawyer, refers to these details: it was necessary to obtain the coincident testimony of two or more women to know if they were telling the truth.

How Jesus acted with women 

Jesus did not act with women like pre-Christian societies, Greece or Rome. "He was very rupturist," says Blanco. It is interesting to underline what we know about Jesus' dealings with women:

- He had female disciples, something that no Jewish rabbi had. It is known by the Torah, book of the law of the Jews. The Gospels narrate that Jesus was accompanied by his disciples, and also by a group of women, among whom was Mary Magdalene. "This was a novelty that must have scandalized the Jews of the time," says Benigno Blanco. 

For example, the disciples were surprised to see him talking to a woman, the Samaritan woman, at the beginning of his public life, according to the Gospel. Jesus did not have the prejudices of the people of his time with regard to women.

Witnesses of the Resurrection

On the other hand, Jesus Christ performed numerous miracles in favor of women. The Gospel mentions the presence of Magdalene at the foot of the Cross, together with Mary, the Mother of Jesus, his mother's sister, Mary of Clopas, and St. John himself. And shortly after, it describes in detail the dialogue of the risen Jesus with her, which begins: "Woman, why are you weeping? And Jesus says: "Mary". And she: "Rabbuni, which means Master" (Jn 20).

She is the first witness to the Redemption of Jesus, although Benigno Blanco points out that, in his opinion, Jesus "had already appeared to his Mother Mary, according to an old tradition", although the Gospel does not mention it.

"Jesus was a breaker with the customs, the legal norms, the way women were treated in his time". The jurist Blanco cites examples, and highlights "the leading role of women in the origin of Christianity and of the Church, of women".

Synthesis of Jesus' revolution in 4 concepts

Jesus' ideas about women were revolutionary in giving them dignity, moral authority, and freedom by breaking with the cultural and religious norms of his time, which considered them inferior. 

Jesus related to them in a direct and respectful way, included them in his circle of disciples, defended them before society (as in the episode of the adulterous woman) and made them important witnesses of his message and resurrection, as we have seen.

A. Dignity of women

Jesus demonstrated that women were not inferior, but persons created in the image of God with equal dignity and value to men.

Justice and compassion: Before the adulterous woman, Jesus defended her from condemnation and showed compassion, declaring that only he who was without sin cast the first stone. And they all went away. This restored her dignity and freed her from marginalization. 

B. Place in society. Freedom 

Women were direct interlocutors with Jesus. Breaking with custom, Jesus addressed women directly and publicly, something that scandalized his time.

Society of Jesus: Women formed part of his group of followers, traveling with him and playing a fundamental role in his ministry, which was unprecedented in his historical context.  

C. Role in the Christian community. Privileged witnesses

Dignity and citizenship: Women recovered their dignity and moral authority, ceasing to be considered mere passive subjects and becoming active members. 

The Samaritan woman: Jesus dialogued directly with her, and she became an evangelizer by sharing the message about the Messiah. 

The hemorrhoid: Jesus healed her, showing her acceptance and peace. 

Marta announces the divinity of Jesus Christ. After the death of Lazarus, Martha, sister of Mary and Lazarus, confesses the divinity of the Lord, as would St. Peter. Martha tells Jesus that if she had been present, her brother would not have died. Jesus replies, "I am the resurrection and the life: he who believes in me, though he has died, yet shall he live; and he who is alive and believes in me shall never die. Do you believe this?" She answered him, "Yes, Lord: I believe that you are the Christ, the Son of God, the one who was to come into the world."

Women by the cross of Jesus: With St. Mary, the Mother of Jesus, they were present from the final moments of Jesus on the Cross, until his death and resurrection, showing their loyalty.

Privileged witnesses: They were the first to announce the resurrection of Jesus, especially Mary Magdalene, as seen above.

D. Early protagonists and expansion of the Church.

There are frequent mentions of women in the Acts of the Apostles. Maria Blanco writes: "Contemplating the first century - when Christianity burst into history, in the context of Jewish and Roman domination - allows us to observe that the horizon of Christian women was, from its beginnings, very hopeful. It is enough to see how the Apostle of the Gentiles addresses husbands exhorting them to treat their wives as their own bodies".

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Evangelization

Boethius, 1500 years of legacy: philosopher, politician and martyr to truth

The last great Roman intellectual and Christian martyr, Boethius, continues to illuminate with his work the relationship between divine providence and human suffering.

David Torrijos-Castrillejo-September 24, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

On April 22, 2007, Benedict XVI visited the Basilica of San Pietro in Ciel d'Oro in Pavia, accompanied by the then Prior General of the Augustinians, Father Robert Prevost. On that occasion the pontiff was able to venerate the relics of the great St. Augustine of Hippo, preserved there, but also those of another eminent Christian intellectual who is venerated in that basilica as a martyr every 23rd of October: Anicius Manlius Torquatus Severinus Boethius. It so happens that Prevost has reached the papal throne in 2025, on the 15th centenary of his martyrdom, which must have taken place between 524 and 526, since the date is doubtful.

His name betrays Boethius' patrician origin, a trait that led him to become involved in politics during the reign of Tedoricus. He came to have great importance at court. He nurtured the dream of making the political and intellectual heritage of the Greeks and Romans survive in the new order created by the Germanic peoples. Among the treasures inherited from the already defeated Roman Empire, Christianity, which had already conquered the hearts of the victors, stood out. Thus, Boethius combined his political concerns with a first-rate cultural enterprise that was limited due to his many occupations and his premature death.

He had been formed not only in the most distinguished Latin culture, but also in Greek philosophy, mastering the Hellenic language much better than the aforementioned St. Augustine, an important reference for Boethius. One of the aspirations of this secular Christian and father of a family was to facilitate access to Greek wisdom for the Latins. He could not have imagined that, although he did not manage to complete his project, he would become one of the great masters of medieval intellectuals. He aspired to translate and comment on all the works of Plato and Aristotle for those who were unable to read their books in their original language. In reality, he was only able to translate and comment on a few books by Cicero, Porphyry and Aristotle. However, this was enough to exert a lasting influence.

This dedication to secular thought did not prevent him from also making several valuable contributions in theology with his influential theological opuscules, which have just been translated into our language again this year (published by Sígueme). Those were years in which the great Trinitarian and Christological disputes that had occupied the minds of the Fathers of the Church were still burning.

Consolation and its spiritual legacy

Thus, Boethius, being one of the last Roman intellectuals, is to a large extent the father of medieval science. However, Boethius also regained his prestige in the Renaissance, when his best known work, the "Consolation of Philosophy", was translated into various Romance languages.

His political commitment was the occasion of this last work, the most outstanding from the literary point of view. At the end of the reign of Theodoric, he fell into disgrace and spent the end of his life imprisoned because of an intrigue against him, which ultimately led to his death. During this captivity he wrote his "Consolation", alternating verse with prose and suggesting such well-known metaphors as the "wheel of Fortune". Certainly he had been visited by an unfortunate fortune, but this allowed him to offer us a remarkable reflection on divine providence and human suffering.

Although Boethius uses the language of the pagans, fortune no longer obeys in him a blind destiny, but everything is governed by the providence of God. No harm comes to those who take refuge in his hands, whose only misfortune lies in separating themselves from him. Often, when we have a bad time and someone encourages us to trust in God's plan, we tend to think that it is easy to make this argument to those who do not suffer. Instead, in Boethius' masterful "Consolation" we find the vibrant protest of the consolation found in the contemplation of providence on the part of the one who suffered for being faithful to God, loyal to his king, to the truth and to his conscience.

The authorDavid Torrijos-Castrillejo

Assistant Professor, Faculty of Philosophy, San Daámaso Ecclesiastical University

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The Decline of Europe and the future Doctor of the Church, John Henry Newman

A tour of France and Belgium becomes a reflection on the secularization of Europe and the incipient spiritual rebirth of the continent.

September 24, 2025-Reading time: 4 minutes

Crossing the Pyrenees at Jaca you arrive in France on a very narrow road full of curves. The continuous oncoming traffic is of drivers speeding along this dangerous stretch. Commenting on the reckless driving of the French with my friends and companions of the feat - to cross France by car, on the way to Belgium -, we confirmed a few minutes later that it was not our impression, but a fact. Because we encountered a serious accident, after making sure that the injured were well cared for, we continued on our way. 

After a few kilometers we began to observe another curious phenomenon, the signs indicating the entrance to a town... They are all turned upside down, 180º! After the four of us asked ourselves why they were turned upside down? And not knowing how to answer this enigmatic question, the co-pilot read an internet article the AI had found, which says that young French farmers decided to start turning the signs upside down as "... a wake-up call about the difficult situation facing young farmers in France". This way of proceeding has permeated and is already being used in some places in Spain to claim the same thing.  

After two days touring Gaul from South to North, with stops in Lourdes and Tours, we arrived in Gaul Belgium, and we were impressed by Brussels, Ghent, Antwerp, Leuven, Liège,... Where their buildings, streets and squares stand out... Like the town hall of Leuven, the Grand Place of Brussels or Antwerp... But perhaps the most majestic are the Gothic cathedrals, which now seem more like a well-preserved museum than a place for worship. 

How did the churches of Belgium end up like this? Where is Christianity in this multicultural Europe? Where is goodness, beauty and truth? For not only has faith in God disappeared, but also the good taste and sensitivity that divinity bestows.

 France, it seems to be the same, but recently there has been a religious revival. In 2025, around Easter, there were 10,000 adult baptisms and 7,000 adolescent baptisms. This spiritual spring is not punctual, it seems that there has been a turning point and is growing, as confirmed by Fernando Diaz Villanueva in a recent video of his channel, giving data confirming a slight boom in all west.

But how did this crisis begin?

We can place the remote origin in modernism, in the 19th century, when the Catholic Church agreed to the separation of powers between church and state in many Western nations, which caused a problem for Catholics, largely because they were very clerical and failed to understand how natural this separation was. This anomaly led to the disappearance of certain religious orders, and brought about the nationalization of church property and the secularization of universities. 

This situation, aggravated by many other facts, has only undermined the faith of many, to the point of making it disappear in them. But when one door closes, another opens. Because at the same time new Christian thinkers appeared, who have contributed to the subsequent rebirth from an anthropological perspective to the regeneration of thought and faith. According to Professor Juan Luis Lorda, priest and doctor of theology, we can classify these intellectuals into four groups. 

These thinkers who knew how to "read" what was happening were Newman, Rosmini, Balmes and Kierkegaard. Also others of a more political and social nature such as Ozaman and Lord Acton. Or founders of congregations dedicated to education such as St. John Bosco, St. Anthony Mary Claret,... And finally, the Romantics who defended the Christian tradition against rationalist secularism, such as Chateaubriand, the Schlegel brothers, Novalis,...

From the first group stands out, as Lorda tells us, Antonio Rosmini, because he wrote Antropologia Soprannaturale. Jaime Balmes for analyzing many philosophical questions. And the Lutheran thinker Soren Kierkegaard, because he defended the unique value of each individual, who is only understood before God, and knowing that he is a relational being by nature through the word and love with his own, as opposed to the totalitarianism of Hegel. And St. John Henry Newman, because he opposed the de-Christianization of liberal society. 

It is not anecdotal, therefore, in these times of the end of decadence, with a slight upturn in the belief in transcendence, that the new Pope is looking for moral and intellectual references seeking to return to other better times. For this reason, on July 31, 2025, Leo XIV confirmed the affirmative opinion of the Plenary of Cardinals and Bishops, members of the Dicastery for the Causes of Saints, to confer in the near future the title of Doctor of the Universal Church on St. John Henry Newman, Cardinal of the Holy Roman Church. 

Casimiro Jiménez, priest, PhD in Ecology and Theology, and author of the book "John Henry Newman: Conversion and Providence", published by Digital Reasons, highlights two aspects of Newman. On the one hand, his love for the truth, which led to his conversion to the Catholic Church from Anglicanism at the age of 44 and the scorn of many for this decision, which brought him the derogatory nickname of the "English Judas". On the other hand, he saw the hand of God in the different setbacks he had in his life, what he called "kindly light", the kindly light of God, which he expressed in a brilliant poem with this title. It was clear to him that providence would guide him and would not abandon him, as it did.

In any case, this papal decision may be one more sign of the rebound of faith or perhaps a path or guide for this growth following in the footsteps of this convert.

The authorÁlvaro Gil Ruiz

Professor and regular contributor to Vozpópuli.

Spain

Madrid vibrates: the Church gathers thousands of young people with unstoppable force

The event, which is expected to draw thousands of participants, will offer everything from workshops on faith and relationships to a large concert featuring Catholic music artists.

Javier García Herrería-September 23, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

The three dioceses of Madrid -Alcalá de Henares, Getafe and the Archdiocese of Madrid- are consolidating themselves as a reference in the organization of activities for adolescents and young people. In addition to the growing vitality of many ecclesial realities, there is an increasingly dynamic youth ministry in parishes throughout the community.

After the momentum of WYD Lisbon 2023, Madrid premiered the Life Meeting, a festive day that brought together 2,000 young people in prayer, catechesis, a Eucharist presided over by Cardinal José Cobo and a concert with Hakuna and other groups. In 2024, the second edition was held, with an increase in participation to 2,700 young people, a growth of 35 %. More recently, more than 30,000 young Spaniards participated in the Jubilee in Rome last July.

It is in this context that the WOW FestThe first Interdiocesan Jubilee of Adolescents and Youth, organized jointly by the three dioceses of Madrid. The event is expected to bring together between 1,000 and 2,000 adolescents in the morning, and 3,000 to 4,000 young people in the afternoon, confirming the consolidation of an expanding youth ministry.

Planned activities

Although the program includes recreational activities -such as gymkhanas or the performance of the magician Numis-, the proposal goes much further. There will be workshops and lectures on topics such as courtship, emotional wounds, doubts of faith, art and theology, as well as a Eucharist in the Almudena Cathedral, a Jubilee pilgrimage, a live podcast and a great final concert with Aisha Ruah, Paola Pablo, Javi Portela and Hakuna Group Music.

The event was presented to the press by three young representatives from each diocese: David (Alcalá), Rossy (Getafe) and Álvaro (Madrid). David encouraged other young people to join in with a direct message: "If you don't get out of the house, you're not going to find answers to your questions.".

The WOW Fest is being prepared by the delegations of Child and Youth Pastoral, University Pastoral and Vocational Pastoral, together with different movements and ecclesial realities, which work together to show young people the beauty of faith and the strength of communion.

The organization recommends free pre-registration, although it is also possible to register at the event itself.

WOW Fest organizers at the presentation of the event.

Schedule

🕙 10:00 - Teenage Jubilee (12 to 15 years)

  • 10:00 → Reception in the courtyard of the cathedral.
  • 10:30 → Start-up show
  • 11:00 → Gymkhana through the city center.
  • 12:30 → Meeting with our bishops.

🕧 12:30 - Jubilee moment

  • Pilgrimage to the cathedral in groups from each diocese to gain the Jubilee grace.
    • Getafe: Church of San Ginés
    • AlcaláCarmelitas Plaza España
    • Madrid: Vistillas Gardens
  • 13:30 → Eucharist at the Almudena Cathedral.
    • There will be a special gift for those confirmed for this course.
  • 14:30 → Lunch together in the square

🕓 16:00 - Youth Jubilee (from 16 years old).

  • 16:00 → Start-up show
  • 17:00 → Presentations (one of your choice).
  • 18:50 → Live Podcast
  • 19:50 → Verbena
  • 20:30 → Concert (Aisha Ruah, Paola Pablo, Javi Portela and Hakuna Group Music).
  • 22:00 → DJ Set
  • 23:00 → Closing
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Culture

Arteology: "another way of observing the invisible".

The First Course of Arteology offers an aesthetic and spiritual journey inspired by the Catechism of the Church and the great works of universal art.

Editorial Staff Omnes-September 23, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

On October 7, the First Course on Arteology will begin in Madrid, an innovative educational proposal that seeks to bring the revealed mystery of the Christian faith closer through art and beauty. Under the slogan "another way of observing the invisible", the aim is to offer participants an aesthetic and spiritual experience that, through masterpieces and shared reflection, will allow them to discover the depth of the deposit of the Christian faith in an attractive, dynamic and contemporary way.

"We had a demand among many young people: the revealed mystery is not so much accessed by reason as by aesthetic contemplation," Viver explains. "Art offers the experience of a sublime and true Presence that is not always understood but always claims our adherence of the heart. It is cathartic. Our society does not so much seek dogmas or ideologies as the experience of the true. Only then does theological reflection appear, as far as it is capable of reaching. This is the objective of the First Course on Arteology," he adds.

Promoted by artist and photographer Javier Viver, "Arteología" will be held at his studio (C/Doña Berenguela 7, local, 28011 Madrid) on the first and third Tuesdays of each month, from 8:00 pm to 10:00 pm, until June 2026. The registration fee is 250 euros -with a scholarship of 200 euros for alumni of the Observatorio de lo Invisible or Amigos de la Vía del Arte- and can be followed in person or online, live or recorded.

A program inspired by the Catechism and the Second Vatican Council

The course proposes an aesthetic experience through the Deposit of the Christian Faith, inspired by the Catechism of the Catholic Church and the richness emanating from the Second Vatican Council. It is structured around the four great "arts" of Christian life:

  • Ars Credendi (believe)
  • Ars Celebrandi (celebrate)
  • Ars Orandi (pray)
  • Ars Vivendi (living)

Each session combines education, contemplation and commentary on works of art - from classics such as Vermeer, Caravaggio and Canova to contemporaries such as Bill Viola - to show how beauty illuminates faith and daily life.

Target audience and content

Especially aimed at artists and people with an aesthetic sensibility, the course seeks to "offer men and women of the 21st century the beauty and harmony of the faith" through the study of Sacred Scripture, the living Tradition of the Church and its Magisterium.

The program opens on October 7 with the session "Creation and tribulation. The beauty of a created and wounded world" by Abel de Jesús, within the Ars Credendi block, and will be developed in 17 meetings until June, addressing topics such as prayer, the sacraments, Christian morality and vocation, always in dialogue with works of art.

For more information you can write to [email protected] and call 614 128 152. 

Cinema

"Hasta la cumbre": a film produced by a school comes to theaters

Virtual production, Christian values and teamwork: this is how the Alpamayo School turns cinema into a school of virtues with "Hasta la Cumbre", a film that will be released on September 27.

Teresa Aguado Peña-September 23, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

The Alpamayo School in Lima premieres on September 27 on the big screen with "Hasta la Cumbre", its first feature film, which is not only a film made by students and teachers, but also a pioneering educational project in Latin America. Directed by Emilio Campoverde -a former student of the school and trained in cinematography in Orlando-, the film marks the beginning of a permanent school film studio with state-of-the-art technology and Christian values in its narrative.

Campoverde recalls that "it all started when director Renzo Forlín called me as soon as I finished my degree in Orlando to tell me about the idea of making films in Peru. I had graduated from Alpamayo in 2020 and, because of my love for the school, I accepted without thinking much about it".

With cameras, lenses and professional equipment brought from the U.S., he set up a small after-school workshop in the afternoons. "At the beginning we were a handful of kids and I taught them the basics: writing stories, using cameras and microphones, editing... while at the same time I wrote the script for the school's first film," he explains. From that workshop the "Alpamayo School Film Studio" was born.

Cinema as training in virtues

The film tells how two students set out to climb the snow-capped Alpamayo and face physical and mental challenges. "The mountain is a metaphor for personal challenges. Everyone has their own summit to conquer," says Campoverde. The story reflects deeply Christian values such as fraternity, forgiveness and self-improvement. "More than evangelizing in a direct way, the film inspires by example and narrative, showing how faith is lived in everyday life," he explains.

To recreate the journey, they opted for cutting-edge technical solutions: "We used Virtual Production, a technology that allows us to record almost anywhere without leaving the school studio," he says. "Alpamayo School is possibly the only one in Latin America that teaches and produces with Virtual Production. It is a pioneer and, therefore, a milestone," says Campoverde. For him, this tool opens up creative horizons for students, allowing them to tell any story they can imagine.

Beyond the technical aspects, Campoverde stresses that "filmmaking is a phenomenal way to build character: you have to be orderly, punctual, handle frustrations. During the shoot they created a human and supportive environment. "We set out to make it a team experience. We filmed under demanding conditions and that forced us to support each other, practice active listening and patience," he says.

A project that unites the entire community

One of the main objectives was to "unite the entire Alpamayo community," says Campoverde. Actors from the theater workshop, music composed by a former student, models from the art workshop, production by the film workshop... "Even the youngest had an active participation, either as an actor or behind the scenes," he adds.

The production also had an important social factor: collaboration with the NGOs Proyecta Perú and Operación Mato Grosso in Yungay. This made it possible to shoot scenes in facilities where the students lived with young people with intellectual disabilities. "That experience will stay with them as something formative," says the director.

The teaching they hope to leave behind is clear: "Although life is full of obstacles, it is always possible to get ahead if you have the courage to face your fears and the heart to help others. If he had to sum up the core value in one word, Campoverde does not hesitate: "Perseverance".

For Emilio, the premiere of "Hasta la Cumbre" opens the door to new projects: "We have discovered the power of film as an educational and formative tool. We want to continue exploring stories that convey positive and relevant messages. "Hasta la Cumbre" is just the first step", he concludes.

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The neo-Malthusians are wrong: there are not too many of us on the planet.

While the new Malthusians fear too many people, the data show that the real problem is that fewer and fewer are being born.

September 23, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

The prediction of economist Thomas Malthus, in his 1798 essay, was based on a simple but powerful idea: human population grows geometrically, while food production grows arithmetically, which would inevitably lead to mass starvation, poverty and death to "balance" the excess of people.

The industrial revolution, technology and the development of global trade drastically improved agricultural productivity and redistributed resources, breaking the cycle of poverty and famine he described. It was the classic error of the half-baked economist who makes predictions without taking into account the innovative capacity of human ingenuity.

Despite Malthus' clamorous error, in the last forty years there has been a surprising increase in the number of neo-Malthusians who continue to say that the number of people on the planet is unsustainable. But since they cannot now argue that it is due to a lack of food (there is more and more food globally every year), this time they rely on a concept that is, once again, debatable and disputed: anthropogenic climate change.

The reality is that we are not too many human beings on the planet.

  1. Our biomass is minimalThe following is an example: man represents only 0.01% of the total biomass of the biosphere (almost any type of bacterium, fungus, protist or archaea exceeds us in biomass by tens or hundreds of times). Organic molecules differ from inorganic molecules because they are basically composed of carbon chains. That is why biomass (the mass of living things) is generally measured in tons of carbon. This is the biomass of about 9 million known species, measured in gigatons of carbon (Gt C):
  1. Our CO2 emissions are minimalemissions: only ~3% of the planet's annual natural CO2 emissions are human (the rest of the natural emissions come from respiration of organisms, organic decomposition, ocean outgassing, volcanic eruptions, etc.). So man contributes only ~3% of the ~2 parts per million by which atmospheric CO2 has been increasing annually for the past 60 years. Therefore, we contribute 0.000006% (0.06 parts per million) of the annual increase.
  1. The area occupied by human development is also minimal.The total land area is only 1.56% of the total continental surface. Someone may counter-argue that if we include areas devoted to agriculture and livestock, human occupation amounts to ~32% of the total. But countless species cohabit agricultural land, so the correct figure to show "human occupation" is the aforementioned 1,56% of area occupied by cities, towns, houses and all roads; or 2,93% if we radically eliminate from the calculation base all deserts, frozen areas, mountains, rivers, lakes, marshes and mangroves. And in both cases without taking into account the enormous surface of the oceans.

There are not too many of us, but nevertheless Western societies have bought into this neo-Malthusian and pessimistic vision and the birth rate continues to fall. The global fertility rate, excluding sub-Saharan Africa, is already lower than the replacement rate of 2.1 children per woman. In many Western countries it is much lower. In Spain, the latest figure for 2023 is 1.12 children per woman (including the children of women not born in Spain).

In addition to the infinite (divine) value of children, if we do not want to disappear in the long term as a species, we must have more children. And without waiting for the long term, if we do not want many Western countries to disappear culturally in the medium term, we must have more children.

The authorJoseph Gefaell

Analyst. Science, economics and religion. Five children. Investment banker. Profile on X: @ChGefaell.

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The World

Charlie Kirk's widow Erika forgives her husband's alleged killer

The wife of slain conservative activist Charlie Kirk has told a memorial service for her husband that she forgives the alleged killer. "That man I forgive," Erika said. "The answer to hate is not hate. The answer, as we know from the Gospel, is love. It is always love."

OSV / Omnes-September 22, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

- Kate Scanlon (OSV News)

Among those attending the funeral of her slain husband, Charlie Kirk, were U.S. President Donald Trump, Vice President JD Vance, Marco Rubio and Robert F. Kennedy Jr. His wife, Erika, in front of thousands of people, said she forgave the alleged killer. "The answer, as we know from the Gospel, is love." 

According to recent reports, Erika was raised in a Catholic family, and Charlie, her husband, was an evangelical Christian.

Erika Kirk, who was named executive director of Turning Point USA after her husband's Sept. 10 murder, said she felt "a level of anguish I didn't even know existed," but that "God's love continued to reveal itself to me in the days that followed."

"After Charlie's murder, we saw no violence, no riots, no revolution," she said. "Instead, we saw what my husband always longed to see in this country. We saw a revival."

Erika Kirk urged attendees to embrace what she called a Christian understanding of "true manhood" because she said her husband, an evangelical Christian, had a passion for reaching "lost children."

'Be a leader worth following'.

"Please be a leader worthy of being followed," he said. "Your wife is not your servant, your wife is not your employee. Your wife is not your slave. She is your helper. You are not rivals. You are one flesh, working together for the glory of God."

She also urged women to "be virtuous." Her husband, she said, "died with an incomplete work, but not with unfinished business." "He wanted to save young people, like the one whose life he took," Erika said.

He added: "To that man, I forgive him." "The answer to hatred is not hatred," he said. "The answer, as we know from the Gospel, is love. It is always love."

Kirk "did not hate his opponents."

In his remarks, Donald Trump appeared to refer to Erika Kirk's comments, saying that Kirk "didn't hate her opponents. He wanted what was best for them. That's where I disagreed with Charlie: I hate my opponent and I don't want what's best for him."

"I'm sorry, I'm sorry, Erika, but now, Erika, you can talk to me and the whole group, and maybe they can convince me that that's not right," he said.

Vance said, "Our entire administration is here, but not just because we loved Charlie as a friend - although we did - but because we know we wouldn't be here without him. He built an organization that transformed the balance of our politics."

Links to the president 

Charlie Kirk was an "influential figure" in his own election. So revealed President Donald Trump at a memorial service for the Turning Point USA founder and conservative activist on Sept. 21 at State Farm Stadium in Arizona. "None of us will ever forget Charlie Kirk, and neither will history," Trump stated.

"Charlie used to call me the night before a major event on the other side of the country and ask me, 'Do you think you could come speak at the event the next day?" said Trump. "I'd say, 'Charlie ... I'm the president of the U.S. Do you want me to fly four hours?' And, you know, sometimes I did.'"

Trump also joked at one point that Kirk "was one of the first people to tell me about a man from Ohio named JD Vance, have you ever heard of him?" Vance called Kirk "a hero to the United States of America and a martyr for the Christian faith."

Lone shooter

Authorities identified and arrested a suspect in the Kirk shooting. Vance and other Trump administration officials previously suggested they would seek to target what the vice president called "left-wing extremism" after Kirk's killing. Although law enforcement officials have said they believe the shooter acted alone.

———————

Kate Scanlon is a national reporter for OSV News covering Washington. Follow her at @kgscanlon.

This information was originally published in OSV News. You can consult it here.

—————–

The authorOSV / Omnes

Evangelization

Saint Maurice and companions of the Thebean Legion, and martyrs of the 20th century

The liturgy commemorates on September 22 St. Maurice and companions of the Theban Legion of the Roman army, Christians who in the early fourth century refused to make sacrifices to the gods, and were martyred. Martyrs of the religious persecution of the 20th century in Spain are also celebrated. Yesterday was St. Matthew, apostle and evangelist.

Francisco Otamendi-September 22, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

The Church commemorates today the Christian soldiers who, coming from Thebes (Egypt), were called to fight with the Theban Legion, or Theban, and ordered to make a sacrifice to the gods. They refused and, in the times of the emperors Diocletian and Maximian, were martyred. The oldest documentary evidence is a letter of St. Eucherius, bishop of Lyon, to Salvius, about 150 years after the events.

The Roman Martyrology wrote: "In Agauno (today Saint Maurice d'Agaune), in the region of Valais, in the country of the Helvetii. Holy martyrs Maurice, Exuperius, Candide, who being soldiers, according to St. Eucherius of Lyon, were sacrificed for their faith in Christ, in the time of Emperor Maximian (c. 302)". Saint Basil and Saint Emerita, Roman martyrs, are also remembered today. 

On the other hand, on this date the liturgy remembers the so-called "martyrs of Valencia" and the "martyrs of Granada," victims of the persecution religious of the 20th century in Spain. Those of Valencia are headed by Blessed José Aparicio Sanz, and there are 233 of them, beatified in March 2001 by St. John Paul II in Rome. They were priests, religious and lay people, young and old. On the other hand, in 2007, Benedict XVI beatified also in Rome to 498 martyrs of the twentieth century.

Yesterday, St. Matthew, Apostle and Evangelist

Localities such as Logroño, Oviedo or Salerno (Italy), celebrated yesterday, September 21, St. Matthew, apostle and evangelist. Matthew was a tax collector in Capernaum, recalls the vatican saints' calendar. One day, as he was sitting at his place of work, he heard a different voice. Jesus said to him, "Follow me". He got up and followed him (Matthew 9:9-13). St. Matthew's life was never the same as before.

In addition to the Gospel, St. Matthew is also mentioned in the Acts of the Apostles. The proclamation of the Good News of Christ constituted his mission. His relics are in the crypt of the cathedral of Salerno (Italy), where he is celebrated on September 21 with a solemn procession.

St. Matthew wrote the Gospel that bears his name with Christians of Jewish origin in mind, according to Vatican News. In the text he emphasizes that Jesus is the Messiah who fulfills the promises of the Old Testament.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Evangelization

What the Church really teaches about evolution

Understanding evolution from a Catholic perspective involves looking beyond science: considering the human being, morality and God's action in creation.

OSV / Omnes-September 22, 2025-Reading time: 9 minutes

By Benjamin Wiker, OSV News

When people ask me, "What does the Catholic Church think about evolution?" they are rarely prepared for my answer, "Let's sit down for a few months and talk about it."

The problem is this: the Catholic Church does not only think about evolution. It conceives the theory of human evolution in the much broader context of its understanding of human beings, reason, science, sin, morality and the redemption of humanity by God incarnate. The Church cannot think about anything without thinking about almost everything, because everything is the work of God.

I want to point this out directly, because the tendency of our catch phrase culture is to fall upon some brief quote made by a Pope in a speech or encyclical, or by a Vatican official, or a Catholic scientist , or a Catholic theologian , and treat it in isolation as if all we needed to know about evolution as Catholics we could write it on an index card and carry it in our wallet or purse to keep handy as a reference.

But that is not how the Catholic Church conceives evolution, or anything in general. The Church does not think in clever phrases for the impatient. It thinks like a cathedral where everything is connected, stone upon carefully balanced stone, complex and intimately interdependent, built over centuries to endure yet more centuries according to the eternal plan, all harmoniously crafted to worship God, Father, Son and Holy Spirit, so that all that is human is redeemed, nature transformed by grace as it reaches toward heaven.

Perhaps the best place to begin to understand what this might mean with respect to evolution is the Catechism of the Catholic Church. You will find some isolated statements specifically about evolution, but these statements are an integral part of the entire catechism, the vast and cathedral-like presentation of the faith. Like the individual stones of a cathedral, you cannot pull out the isolated affirmations without the whole edifice collapsing. More directly, we might say that the Catholic consideration of evolution is framed by the Catholic catechesis on creation and redemption. Within this catechesis there are certain assumptions, both natural and supernatural, that set definite limits to the consideration of evolution.

Let me offer two examples from the Catechism that have not appeared in the popular press coverage of the Catholic Church and evolution. "By natural reason, man can know God with certainty, based on his works" (no. 50). This is, in fact, a dogmatic statement based on the marvelous capacities of natural human reason and on the fact that nature itself, including its biological aspects, manifests the glory and wisdom of its Creator, and every creature reflects "in its own way a ray of God's infinite wisdom and goodness" (no. 339).

What does this mean for our consideration of evolution? That any view of evolution that assumes, as a matter of principle, that biological nature is completely governed by chance and blind laws is erroneous. According to that view of evolution - advocated today by such prominent atheists as Richard Dawkins - nature reveals the total absence of wisdom, i.e., the absence of a wise Creator. In the face of this, the Catechism firmly maintains: "We believe that God created the world according to his wisdom. It is not the product of necessity, blind fate or chance" (no. 295).

Aha! That must mean that the Catholic Church rejects evolution! No, I'm sorry. There are no such quick and easy answers. The Catholic Church does not reject evolution, because it does not reject, but, in fact, welcomes any legitimate scientific inquiry. Science studies nature, and the truth of creation can never contradict the truth of the Creator.

Thus (citing Vatican Council I's "Dei Filius"), the Catechism informs us that "methodical research in all branches of knowledge, provided it is carried out in a truly scientific manner and does not override moral laws, can never be in conflict with faith, because the things of the world and the things of faith come from the same God" (n. 159).

What does this mean, in particular, for evolution? Read on. "Creation possesses its own goodness and perfection, but it did not emerge complete from the hands of the Creator. The universe was created in transit (in statu viae) toward an ultimate perfection yet to be attained, to which God has destined it" (no. 310). "In God's plan, this process of becoming involves the appearance of certain beings and the disappearance of others, the existence of the more perfect alongside the less perfect, both constructive and destructive forces of nature" (no. 310).

From this perspective, as Cardinal Christoph Schönborn pointed out, evolution is understood as creation "prolonged in time".

Aha! That must mean that the Catholic Church accepts evolution! No, I'm sorry.

There are no such easy and quick answers. The church cannot simply accept the theory of evolution, because there is no single evolutionary theory that it can accept. There are, instead, different theories, different approaches to evolution.

As St. John Paul II rightly pointed out, "instead of speaking of the theory of evolution, it is more accurate to speak of the theories of evolution. The use of the plural is necessary here, partly because of the diversity of explanations of the mechanism of evolution, and partly because of the diversity of philosophies involved."

The truth is this. The Church cannot affirm evolution with total conviction, since evolution, as a science in itself, is not entirely sound. We must distinguish between evolution itself and our knowledge of it (what current scientists think they know about evolution).

We have every reason to believe that evolution is something that happened, but what really happened in it is something to be discovered on the long and difficult road of scientific discovery, of which we have only traveled a part. That is why the Church is rightly cautious.

What, then, is the truly Catholic position?

The recent controversies over evolution, intelligent design and creationism have generated so much confusion that it is no wonder Catholics are almost completely baffled as to what to think. Setting the record straight will be no easy task, but here's a start, point by point.

First of all, Catholics must hold that our study of nature confirms the existence of God. The Catechism clearly states: "The existence of God the Creator can be known with certainty by his works, in the light of human reason, even though this knowledge is often obscured and disfigured by error" (no. 286).

The catechism is based on the definitive affirmation of the dogmatic constitution "Dei Filius" of the First Vatican Council: "Holy Mother Church holds and teaches that God, the beginning and end of everything, can be known with certainty from the consideration of created things, by the natural virtue of human reason, since from the creation of the world, his invisible nature is clearly perceived in created things."

And this statement is firmly rooted in Scripture, as St. Paul affirms in Romans: "For what can be known about God is manifest to them, for God has made it manifest to them. For since the creation of the world, his invisible nature, that is, his eternal power and deity, has been clearly perceived in created things" (1:19-20).

It is not surprising, then, that the catechism affirms: "Created in the image of God and called to know and love him, those who seek God discover certain ways to come to know him. These are also called proofs of God's existence, not in the sense of proofs proper to the natural sciences, but as convergent and convincing arguments that make it possible to attain certainty of the truth" (n. 31).

Indeed, we can prove the existence of God by some kind of philosophical argument. But to say that it is a philosophical argument does not mean that it is, therefore, unscientific or, worse, an unscientific argument. If we can reason from nature to arrive at the existence of God, it must surely be from a very well-grounded understanding of nature; that is, one that takes full account of the latest scientific developments related to the area or aspect of nature being considered when using reason.

What about creationism and intelligent design? Unfortunately, the term "creationism" is associated with denying evolution altogether and trying to prove a literal interpretation of the Bible against modern science. But the Church does not completely reject the possibility of evolution, and the Catholic approach to the Bible is not that of a fundamentalist.

At the same time, the church adopts a critical stance toward evolution rather than simply affirming whatever contemporary evolutionists of any kind are saying, and the church also believes wholeheartedly that the Bible is true and fully inspired and without error.

What about intelligent design theory? It should be noted at the outset that "intelligent design theory," as it is known for short, is not really a single thing, but a complex combination of competing approaches. In general, however, proponents of intelligent design tend to claim that some scientifically verifiable fact-for example, that this particular molecular biological structure is too complex to have been generated solely by natural selection-directly demonstrates the existence of an intelligent designer.

Such arguments have considerable merit, more than Catholics have been inclined to grant, precisely because they focus on very particular trouble spots for a purely materialistic and reductionist explanation of evolution.

But as noted above, the Catholic approach is to consider the scientific evidence only as part of a larger philosophical argument that must be presented if we are to demonstrate the existence of God from nature.

The point is this: particular scientific evidence alone could never be sufficient to prove the existence of God and, moreover, much more attention must be paid to philosophy in order to adequately assemble all the "convergent and convincing arguments" necessary to do so.

Historically, the most important starting point for a discussion of the Catholic Church and evolution is Pope Pius XII's encyclical "Humani Generis" (1950), which stated that evolution was worthy of scientific study within certain limits.

To many it has seemed that the Church is saying something like this: You can believe whatever you want about evolution as long as (1) you hold that all human souls are immediately created by God, (2) you hold some form of monogenism rather than polygenism-that is, you hold that all human beings have a common evolutionary ancestor rather than arising from a disordered multitude-and (3) you do not manifestly hold a purely materialistic theory of evolution that in any way undermines the dignity of the human person.

Can it really be that easy? No, it can't, precisely because these seemingly simple boundaries, upon closer examination, are anything but simple.

Take the first: that all human souls are immediately created by God. This statement does not represent a retreat of the church to a minimalist stance: "Say what you will about the evolution of the human body, but let us still have souls!". Rather, it signifies a resounding "No!" to all forms of materialism, since it reduces human beings to mere physical beings.

This poses a great obstacle for many prominent evolutionists, because, as a rule, they have tended towards complete materialism.

Charles Darwin himself deliberately defined his evolutionary explanation of human beings in "The Origin of Man" (1871) to show that he could explain everything about human beings - from their morals to their intellectual capacities, from their artistic abilities to their belief in God - according to an entirely materialistic and reductionist scheme.

Today, the most prominent evolutionists have no place for the human soul. They and most evolutionists assume that purely material causes - causes subject to natural selection - fully explain human capacities.

And the second? Here, again, the church says a lot. It says, in effect, that whatever today's scientists may think, however well established their theories of human origin may seem to be, in the end, when all the evidence is in, science will not contradict the fact that human beings have a single progenitor.

It should be noted that I am not saying that science will eventually prove the existence of Adam and Eve. The point is much more surprising.

I say that, try as it may and deviate wherever it will, science will find that all its attempts to investigate the possibility of human polygenism are ultimately fruitless, and that all its attempts to investigate the possibility of monogenism will prove wonderfully fruitful. The church declares that faith cannot be contradicted because the God of Revelation is the Creator God.

And the last one? This is perhaps the broadest limit of all, and the least understood. In asserting that no evolutionary theory can be true if it denies or distorts the dignity of the human person, the Church demands much. Indeed, it directly opposes the founder of modern evolution, Charles Darwin himself.

Darwin, in his work "The Origin of Man," put forward an evolutionary explanation of human nature, specifically designed to demonstrate that our moral nature was the direct result of natural selection. Several things followed from this.

First, morality is replaced by moralities, the singular by the plural. For Darwin, moral traits developed in specific peoples, during specific times and under specific circumstances. They were as variable and transitory as, for example, the plumage of birds or the shape of turtle shells. A large number of our contemporary evolutionists agree.

Second, there are no intrinsically evil actions. In fact, good and evil boil down to what contributes to survival and what harms the chances of survival. Everything that contributes to the survival of an individual, a group, a race, or a nation must be good; nothing that contributes to the survival of an individual, a group, a race, or a nation can be evil.

Most contemporary Darwinists have had difficulty digesting this truth, and that gives them a lot of credit; I think their doubts show that they are indeed made in the image of God. But others have no qualms about infanticide and morally ranking human children below adult apes.

Third, if natural selection really is the basis of morality, then we should try to base our social policies on it. If human beings evolved through fierce competition between individuals, tribes and tribes, races and races, where the unfit became extinct and the fit lived to reproduce more often, then our social policies should be adjusted accordingly: we should not allow the "unfit," the weak, the sick, the morally and intellectually inferior, to outbreed the fit, the strong, the healthy, the morally and intellectually superior. In stating this, Darwin has the honor of being the father of the modern eugenics movement, a movement that is gaining more and more momentum.

It should be clear, even with this brief analysis, how great are these seemingly small limits that the Church imposes on those who legitimately want to investigate evolution, especially human evolution.

The authorOSV / Omnes

ColumnistsAlberto J. Castillo

Examination of the senseless young man

Alberto J. Castillo has published "Examen al joven sin sentido", a book that tries to encourage young people to know themselves in order to be able to give themselves. In this article he tells his experience in the search for The Truth and the reason for this book.

September 22, 2025-Reading time: 6 minutes

Let me make a confession. You see, I have always wanted to be a good person. You know, to help others, to fulfill my obligations, to live committed to the noblest causes of our time. I have wanted it so much that I almost became the worst of them all. It only takes a glance to see how a feeling of laziness and idleness in the face of things seems to have settled in our days, infecting us like a virus that does not stop spreading and whose diagnosis is none other than that of a mediocrity that prides itself on being mediocre. This was not my case. I sincerely wanted to make my life something important and original. Unlike what I saw around me, I could not settle for the comfort of the herd, but longed to go my own way. I felt I was called to be a hero, to do something special. I wanted to change the world to leave it a better place than it had been given to me. That desire to do good consumed me, driving me from one front to another in a battle from which, for some reason, I always marched in retreat.

I made a great effort to fulfill my purpose, only to realize that behind that desire for goodness, there was only that: desire... I began to analyze my whole life and I quickly understood that there was nothing good in it that could stand out, nothing to be proud of, but quite the opposite. It was true that I traveled a lot, but it was even more true that I left places just as I had entered them. I read as much as I could, but never to change my mind but to reaffirm my prejudices about things. I met great people, but I escaped the demands of true friendship. I fell in love as often as I quickly tired of love, for it was not love that guided me, but self-interest. Thus, believing myself to be a hero, I passed for the greatest of cowards. No matter how hard I tried, I was unable to materialize my good intentions into palpable and indisputable deeds and actions. When the moment of truth came, I would run away, retreating again, some excuse knocking at my door at the last moment to free me from the commitment I had got myself into and from which, deep down, I feared I would not be able to get out. A perverse logic kept me blind, mute and deaf to my true pathology. I struggled to achieve the impossible just to be able to ignore what I could really do, I was worried but never busy, I proclaimed what I rejected so much, and I did not hesitate to criticize the speck in someone else's eye, ignoring the log in my own. And it is that, in reality, I did not really want to do the well, but my well, a small detail that keeps us anesthetized to the real disease of our time: emptiness and inner anguish.

As you can understand, admitting something like this is not easy. And rather than get angry with myself, I decided to get angry with the world. At that time, the scream of my pride drowned out the numb voice of my conscience, thinking that it was only a matter of time before reality would eventually come around to my way of thinking. The frustration I felt inside me could never be my responsibility, but that cruel reality that prevented me again and again to reach what was finally within my reach: happiness. I was the victim here, no one seemed to understand me, because in spite of the sweat and tears donated with every effort to be "good", nothing profitable came out of it all. The more I wanted it, the farther I felt from reaching my goal. I felt like a madman imprisoned in his straitjacket: the more I resisted to escape from the meaninglessness and banality of the world, the tighter I was squeezed by its suffocating straps. 

Who would have thought that this was my problem: wanting to be happy at all costs, putting my happiness above everything else. Without realizing it, I let myself be captivated by the mantra that our world has elevated to the category of "summum bonum". At last we have the "right to be happy", there is nothing left to prevent us from achieving the longed-for happiness, at last all our problems will be solved. And yet, it is curious to see how a world that never stops talking about happiness, at the same time laments its unhappiness as never before. The paradox is as obvious as it is elusive. Modern man has forgotten that any right that is not accompanied like a coin by its corresponding duty is a fraud, which leaves the person completely sold out and at the service of the corresponding authority. To Caesar we must give only what is Caesar's, nothing more. Now I realize that what I believed to be authentic happiness, in reality was nothing more than that filtered, lukewarm and dirty water that is detached from the true substance. I took for happiness what were mere excuses to justify my behavior, so I wouldn't have to do anything about it. I made the world a place to protect myself from the world. I judged things not by how they were, but by how I would like them to be. It was a perfect trap, whose deception was perfected the more I was convinced that I had overcome it.

It is curious how man is capable of sabotaging himself without even realizing it. This is exactly what happens to his happiness. C. S. Lewis reminded us that "if our aim is heaven, earth will be given to us in addition, but if we focus only on earth, we will lose both". It took me a long time to understand that in order to be happy I had to forget about happiness itself. First I had to earn it and then put it at risk again and again, in order to achieve that which is greater than happiness itself, and with it the fullest happiness. But back then, I was more afraid of losing than wanting to win. I lived a relaxed and distracted life, it is true, but in my heart I felt more and more the feeling that my life was slipping away. I started to look for evidence to support my poor convictions and I ran into another problem: everything I could prove by my own means was totally irrelevant and meaningless; on the other hand, everything that could give meaning to my life lacked any proof to hold on to and, therefore, I had to give it up. In time I came to understand that this dilemma was nothing more than the difference between certainty and truth. The former requires no effort on our part and therefore, like everything that is free, always leaves us unsatisfied; Truth, on the other hand, asks us to change, to the point of separating us from ourselves, to the point of demanding a "leap of faith". That is why the world has renounced Truth in order to conform, once again, to something very inferior. Let us take as an example the most real and essential of our existence, that which no one can question, but which no one can prove either: love. Only when we trust it, it becomes the most certain and indestructible thing we have, as soon as we try to confirm it, it disappears. For it is not the knowledge that holds the truth, but the love that comes from it that makes it worthwhile. Therefore, to know oneself and to surrender oneself are, in the end, the same thing, because Truth does not exist to be known, but to be lived.

I, on the other hand, have lived many years believing that to find meaning in my life I could only believe in myself, paying for it the highest price, the same price paid by the modern young man today, a young man who has everything but who is absolutely nothing; a young man distracted by how much he possesses on the outside, and eaten away by the anguish of his inner emptiness; a young man who seeks to cash in on his fortune by selling the noblest values of his youth. But happiness cannot be bought, for it is "the consequence of giving the best of ourselves for the truth". For the truth! Any other ambition is nothing but the triumph of the ego and the failure of man's real freedom, for he who lives for himself does not live, but agonizes.

This is the test to which I have subjected myself and which I now propose to you in this bookA review of these good intentions lacking in goodness; a journey from our truth and its terrible consequences, to the Truth and the Love that can only be born from it; an awakening from nonsense to the reason of our lives, from reason to the heart and its reasons, from the transient to the eternal, from the contingent to the absolute, from this life to the only Life. So let all these mistakes that I have been making and that you will find in these pages serve to make us realize that it is not good intentions that save us, no matter how good they may be. With this manuscript I only aspire that you, young man with no senseI am afraid that none of this is possible without a first confession, the one that I bring you and that changed my life forever, as it may well change yours. But I am afraid that none of this is possible without a first confession, just the one I bring you and that changed my life forever, as it may well change yours: For Truth is of no use if I am not the one who serves Her. Let us set out, then, to serve Her in whatever way we can. Let us love that which surpasses us in order, at last, to surpass ourselves..... 

Examination of the senseless young man

AuthorAlberto J. Castillo
EditorialAchilles' heel
Pages: 92
Year: 2024
The authorAlberto J. Castillo

Evangelization

Manu Garcia. Connecting young people in the digital age

Manu García is a contributor to Young Catholicsa platform that connects thousands of young people to the faith through creative content that is faithful to the Christian message.

Juan Carlos Vasconez-September 22, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

Manu Garcia's story with the faith is not that of a late conversion, but that of a heritage lived and cultivated since childhood. "I have always been raised in a practicing Christian family." Garcia explains. Growing up in a Christian home laid the foundation for a deep and organic relationship with the Church. This experience of faith is what allows Manu today, with authenticity and conviction, to reach out to others.

Despite his immersion in the digital world, Manu's path to God remains deeply rooted in the everyday and the personal. "It is quite simple, through my ordinary work and my encounter with God in every rule of piety or in every event with others."he says. He is a graphic designer and teacher, but he is mainly dedicated to his work in an audiovisual production company that becomes the fertile ground for the encounter with the divine.

PrayToday y Young Catholics

Manu collaborates with a youth association helping in the formation of young people and their families, thus demonstrating his commitment to the transmission of the faith in an integral way.

Manu's most significant impact on digital evangelization is his role in PrayToday y Young Catholicstwo initiatives that were born as a creative and timely response to the needs of young people. These projects emerged in the pandemic, a period when physical distance drove the search for spiritual connections and resources in the digital realm.

"A few years ago, we started the podcasts of PrayToday in the middle of the pandemic with the aim of helping and facilitating the young people who were at home to pray with these short audios of 6/7 minutes dealing with different topics of Christian spirituality", Manu reports. These podcasts, designed as a "complement for your prayer times".They offered an accessible dose of spiritual nourishment, adapted to the rhythms of young people's lives.

"And these podcasts soon after became part of the platform. Young Catholics with more than 500,000 followers on all social networks and a website with a multitude of resources for young people to live their faith."García emphasizes. This half a million followers represents a vast and active community that seeks to nurture its faith in the digital environment, finding in Young Catholics a lighthouse and a meeting point.

The power of prayer

The fruits of this digital evangelization are manifested in stories of personal transformation that demonstrate the power of faith transmitted through new media. 

One of the most impressive anecdotes is that of "a girl with anorexia who, after years of suffering and all kinds of treatments, he found in the daily audios of PrayToday a road to recovery".Garcia says with astonishment.

"Another girl who wanted to have an abortion at the age of 16 found through the audios and meditations the strength she needed to go ahead."he shares. The providence worked in such a way that "his mother contacted us and, on the occasion of a pro-life demonstration, part of the team met the whole family, including the newborn baby."

Behind the success of Young Catholics y PrayToday there is a large and committed team. "We count on the selfless help of more than 200 priests, seminarians and brothers (from Spain, part of Europe and all of Latin America) who collaborate to accompany young people in their faith."

This network of ecclesial collaborators enriches the content by integrating it with Catholic doctrine and adapting it to young people from diverse contexts. The participation of priests and seminarians strengthens the link between the Church and the new generations, broadening their voices and building bridges with the institution.

The work of Young Catholics demonstrates that social networks can be a place of encounter with Christ. With creativity and fidelity, they have managed to translate the Gospel message into digital language without losing depth. Their work is an urgent call to the Church: we must leave our virtual sacristies and dare to speak of God in the networks, where young people live today. Time is short, and souls are waiting.

The Vatican

Pope: "there is no future in violence, in forced exile, in revenge".

Pope Leo XIV said at the Angelus today that "there is no future based on violence, on forced exile, on revenge". Earlier, in the Mass celebrated in the parish of St. Anne of the Vatican, which the Augustinians have been running since 1929, he stressed that "one cannot serve God and wealth", and that "everything is a gift of God".

Francisco Otamendi-September 21, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

Leo XIV reflected this Sunday on the use of material goods and the administration of goods, "the most precious of all, our own life". He did so in line with the Gospel parable of the steward who is called to "give an account". With regard to the Gaza conflict, he forcefully pointed out that "there is no future based on violence, on forced exile, on revenge".

"I am addressing first of all the representatives of various Catholic associations, committed to solidarity with the people of the Gaza Strip," he said after praying the Angelus. "I appreciate your initiative and many others that throughout the Church express closeness to the brothers and sisters suffering in that martyred land."

"With you and with the pastors of the Churches of the Holy Land I repeat: there is no future based on violence, on forced exile, on revenge. The peoples need peace: those who truly love them work for peace".

"You cannot serve God and wealth."

Before the Angelus prayer, the Pontiff reflected on the use of material goods and the administration of goods. It was a continuation of his words at the homily of the Mass he celebrated in the parish of St. Anne in the Vatican, which has been run by the Augustinians for almost a century.

There, he warned that "one cannot serve God and wealth," and invited the faithful to opt for a lifestyle centered on trust, fraternity and the common good.

Commenting on the Gospel of St. Luke, the Pope pointed out that wealth can become a false savior, capable of enslaving the human heart. "He who serves God becomes free from wealth, but he who serves wealth remains enslaved by it". At the same time, he pointed out that God's Providence reaches out to the materially poor as well as to those who suffer spiritual or moral misery.

At the end, the Pontiff thanked the parish community for their service and encouraged them to be witnesses of hope and charity in a world wounded by war and indifference. "In the face of today's dramas we do not want to be passive but to proclaim by word and deed that Jesus is the Savior of the world."

Pope Leo XIV with Augustinian Father Gioele Schiavella, former pastor of St. Anne's Church in the Vatican, who celebrated his 103rd birthday on Sept. 9 (Photo CNS/Vatican Media).

With Augustinian Father Schiavella, 103 years of age

At St. Anne's, the new prior of the Augustinians, Father Joseph Farrell, and the parish priest Mario Millardi concelebrated with Pope Leo XIV. Among those present was Augustinian Father Gioele Schiavella, whom the Pope mentioned in his homily for his 103rd birthday. Schiavella was pastor of Sant'Anna from 1991 to 2006, and currently lives in the parish.

Before the Angelus, the Pope said that "one day we will be called to give an account of how we have managed our lives, our goods and the resources of the earth, to God and to mankind, to society and above all to those who will come after us".

How do we administer the goods that God has given us?

The parable invites us to ask ourselves, "How are we stewarding the material goods, the earth's resources and the life God has given us?" 

We can follow the criterion of selfishness, the Pope continued, putting wealth first and thinking only of ourselves; but this isolates us from others and spreads the poison of a competition that often provokes conflicts.

"Or we can recognize that we must administer all that we have as a gift from God. And use it as an instrument for sharing, for creating networks of friendship and solidarity, for building up the good, for building a more just, more equitable and more fraternal world".

In concluding his reflection, he encouraged us to ask "the Blessed Virgin to intercede for us and help us to administer well all that the Lord entrusts to us, with justice and responsibility".

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You can also consult here the full text in English of Pope Leo XIV's reflection at the Angelus.

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The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Family

The influence of ideologies on a healthy pronatalism 

Ideological forces seek to dominate the pronatalist debate, which arises in the face of low fertility globally, except in Africa. Economic pronatalism, communitarian or individual, and racist or eugenicist, are close to healthy pronatalism, based on the family. Note some arguments.

OSV / Omnes-September 21, 2025-Reading time: 7 minutes

 Kimberley Heatherington (OSV News).

Depending on the context, the concept of pronatalism - encouraging people to have children or promoting motherhood - can be a reason to celebrate the fundamental role of the family in society. A techno-elitist vision of a future populated by humans designed to have specific traits. Or a shameful expression of anti-immigrant nativism.

What is the difference?

The definition found in the Cambridge Dictionary illustrates the complexity of arriving at a universal understanding. It states flatly that pronatalism is "the idea that it is important to have children in order to increase the number of people in a country, especially the number of people who are not immigrants."

Well, no, not always.

"Fundamentally, when we talk about pronatalism, we mean people who think it's not good that fertility is so low. So, if you think it would be good if we had more babies, you're pronatalist," explained Lyman Stone, principal investigator and director of the Institute for Family Studies' Pronatalist Initiative.

"Now," he continued, "you may find yourself saying, 'But that doesn't seem to be what most people who describe themselves as pronatalists in the media think; they seem a little weird.' 

This is because people think there should be more babies for many different reasons, and they see the problem of low fertility as a problem for many different reasons."

Why low fertility is a problem. First, economic pronatalism

What are some of the reasons people might consider low fertility to be a problem? Stone identified three.

"The first set of reasons could be called structural or economic," he noted. ""We need babies because, if we don't have them, who will pay for Social Security?"" Or, "If we don't have babies, who will be the workforce to drive economic growth or innovation? Who will serve in the military and defend us?"

"Basically, this perspective says we need babies because they are useful to other people," Stone said. "I call it economic or structural pronatalism."

Second, pronatalism by the community

"The second type of pronatalism," he continued, "I would say that low fertility is a problem because there is a community that is intrinsically valuable and worth perpetuating."

But Stone said the reasons behind "communitarian pronatalism" can vary widely. On the one hand, it can have "totally reasonable and innocuous motives, like, 'I want the community of my family lineage to continue, so I'm going to have children.' But it can also include, for example, people calling for more white babies out of an ideology of white superiority. 

"That's not innocuous," he said. "Just as there are many varieties of economic structural pronatalism, there are many varieties of communitarian structural pronatalism."

Third type, "individualistic pronatalism".

He said that the third type of pronatalism is "individualistic pronatalism".

"Basically, he says that the reason it's a problem that fertility is low is because people want to have more children than they have, and clearly there are barriers that prevent them from doing so. And, Stone concluded, "it's really strange that we live in a society where people consistently don't have the families they want to have. That's inherently bad...".

Declining fertility rates, a worldwide phenomenon

In July, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported that the U.S. fertility rate fell to its lowest level in 2024, at 1.62 children per woman. In the early 1960s, the rate was 3.5; in 1976, it was 1.7. In 2007, the United States still had a birth rate that ensured that each generation would have enough children-about 2.1 babies per woman-to replace itself.

Birth rates in Europe are comparable to those in the United States, with France at 1.64 babies per woman; the United Kingdom at 1.54; Germany at 1.46; Spain at 1.21; and Italy at 1.2.

But the decline in fertility rates is a global phenomenon. In Asia, India's birth rate is 1.94 babies per woman; the Philippines, 1.88; and South Korea, 0.75. 

In the Americas, Guatemala's birth rate is 2.26 babies per woman, while Mexico's is 1.87 and Argentina's is 1.51.

Except in Africa 

The five countries that, according to the United Nations, have the highest rates of number of children per woman are on the African continent. They are Chad (5.94), Somalia (5.91), the Democratic Republic of Congo (5.90), the Central African Republic (5.81) and Niger (5.79). 

A family prays during Mass at the Cathedral of St. Matthew the Apostle in Washington, Sept. 24, 2023. (Photo by OSV News/Mihoko Owada, Catholic Standard).

Cultural views and pronatalism

"I believe that the legacy of the population bomb - the myth of the overpopulation- is still in the debate," says Patrick Brown, a research fellow at the Ethics and Public Policy Center in Washington. "If you look at public opinion polls, almost as many Americans think our problem is having too many babies globally, versus a future where we won't have enough."

The other side of the coin, according to Brown, "is the idea that if we talk too openly about the birth rate, we will end up forcing women to have children, i.e., forced pregnancies. We'll take away their rights, something akin to what you see in 'The Handmaid's Tale,' which is what you hear the left saying."

The six seasons of 'The Handmaid's Tale' on Hulu and Margaret Atwood's novel of the same name depict a totalitarian, theocratic state that stands in for the United States of America. The maids are a caste of women forced into sexual servitude in an attempt to repopulate the world.

Simple apathy: nothing happens either... 

However, simple apathy can be another challenge to pronatalism.

I think a lot of it is just a cultural shift that says, "If you want to have a child, great; if you don't want to have a child, that's fine. There's nothing really right or wrong. There's no social value to it. It's simply a matter of consumption, of individual preferences, and who are we to say that having children is better than not having children?" explained Brown. 

"I think that's probably the dominant trend that pronatalism, in all its varied forms, is trying to fight against to say, 'No, there's actually something valuable and necessary in the hard work of having children.'"

Elon Musk attends the Viva Technology conference dedicated to innovation and startups at the Porte de Versailles exhibition center in Paris, June 16, 2023. (Photo by OSV News/Gonzalo Fuentes, Reuters).

Ideological forces seek to dominate the pro-natalist debate

The Catechism of the Catholic Church declares that the family is "the original cell of social life. It is the natural society in which husband and wife are called to give themselves in love and in the gift of life. Authority, stability and the life of relationships within the family constitute the foundations of freedom, security and fraternity within society".

"We are trying to use the family as the cornerstone of a healthy society," Brown said, referring to a healthy pronatalism in line with the Church's vision of the human person.

At the same time, however, he warned that pronatalism is also beset by ideological forces seeking to co-opt the movement. 

"Pronatalism, the kind of official pronatalist movement, has quickly become colonized by racists on the one hand and eugenicists on the other," Brown said. 

"Silicon Valley money is manipulating reproduction in a way that is not only really morally troubling. But it's also pushing us ethically, socially and culturally towards a kind of eugenics that consists of optimizing what your child should look like and selecting the embryo with the highest IQ."

Alerts

Perhaps the world's most famous pronatalist, tech industrialist Elon Musk - father of at least 14 children by several different women - declared in a March 2025 interview with Fox News. "The birth rate is very low in almost every country, and unless that changes, civilization will disappear. ... Humanity is dying." 

However, Musk is selective. In his 2015 biography, he is quoted as saying,""If each successive generation of smart people has fewer children, that's probably a bad thing." 

Influential pronatalists Simone and Malcolm Collins, founders of Pronatalist.org, came to public attention after admitting that they used genetic testing and selection to optimize the mental health traits of their unborn children.

"That kind of thing, which is part of the current pronatalist movement, gives people the creeps, and rightly so, doesn't it?" asked Brown. "It's not about helping people start a family and being able to afford to have children. It's about turning children into commodities."

Pope Leo XIV greets a baby from the popemobile as he rides through St. Peter's Square at the Vatican before his general audience on June 25, 2025. (CNS Photo/Lola Gomez).

The challenge of faith formation: "Most Catholics do not live pronatalistically".

Kody W. Cooper is an associate professor in the Institute for American Civic Education at the Baker School of Public Policy and Public Affairs at the University of Tennessee-Knoxville. And he has suggested that Catholics could do more to improve the declining birth rate.

Georgetown University's Center for Applied Research in the Apostolate noted in 2011 that the average size of a U.S. Catholic household was the same as the national average, 2.6 persons per household. 

"Catholics need to be honest with themselves," Cooper said. "If we go by survey data, most Catholics do not live pronatally. By some estimates, as many as 90 % of Catholics who regularly attend Mass use artificial contraception, contrary to the teachings of Humanae Vitae."

He understands the common objections, but still insists on this point.

"Perhaps the project could be advanced if Catholics would put their own house in order," Cooper said. "And by that I mean bishops and priests courageously exercising their roles preaching pronatalism, and the laity seeking to cultivate the virtues necessary to live pronatalistically."

———————

Kimberley Heatherington is a correspondent for OSV News. She writes from Virginia (USA).

This report was originally published in OSV News. You can consult it here.

———————

The authorOSV / Omnes

Aixa de la Cruz and our idolatries

Aixa de la Cruz defines her generation as 'godless', seeking in work, consumption and relationships that which only the divine can fill, and revealing how the lack of a spiritual horizon leads us to confuse false altars with true transcendence.

September 21, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

"It is true that we are a generation without God, and we have been given no other alternatives than consumption and work". These are the words of Aixa de la Cruz, a writer born in Bilbao in 1988, who points out that she has never had contact with any religion for most of her life. She went on to say: "What do you have to satiate yourself with? With jobs that have to become identitarian for you to be able to bear them or with giving your time to something you can't bear to do in exchange for money for consumption. That's why we are desperately looking for therapies and retreats, to find some kind of transcendence that reminds us that we are here for something more." It was a conversation for El País with June Fernandez, director of a feminist magazine, who, for her part, had just confessed to being an "agnostic, a spiritual orphan". 

In another interview, De la Cruz argues that his parents' generation in Spain broke with Catholicism mainly because of bad experiences with educational institutions or for opposing Francoism, which, in a more or less confessional society, meant breaking with the spiritual in general. And then, their children -we- were left out in the open, at the mercy of any flute player who would intone a minimally spiritual melody, or at the mercy of any pseudo-religious discourse that appealed to that thirst of ours. Pope Francis referred to this community of wanderers, who are a little bit all of us, as those who "secretly seek God, moved by a longing for his face" (Evangelii Gaudium, n. 14).

Going back to the beginning, what the writer intuits is that, with all spiritual horizons gone, we tend to put in the place of God anything we have at hand that promises us happiness: money, work, consumption; we can add sex or social status. And this process would end up drying us up spiritually. In a way, all the preaching of Jesus - and, if we want to exaggerate, the whole Judeo-Christian tradition - is aimed precisely at putting us on our guard against idolatry, to put us on our guard against this instinctive movement to replace the authentically religious with anything. 

We can recall those words of Jesus about the impossibility of serving God and money (Mt 6:24), or those others about not treasuring anything earthly, but rather working for that which does not corrode (Jn 6:27). However, that same week that I was reading Aixa de la Cruz, the Church in its liturgy had us read other more surprising words from the Gospel: a person cannot be a disciple of Christ if he does not love God more than his father, mother, wife, husband, son or daughter (Mt 10:37). And what initially seems exaggerated to us, in a second moment begins to make sense: because in the "generation without God" we also tend to idolize those relationships that, of course, shelter us, but we have experienced that we cannot burden them with the responsibility that only God has. We all experience so many cases of affective dependencies that arise precisely because we cling to any buoy that floats, even if it is another human being.

Perhaps because of all of the above, the posture we use to pray is often that of joining our hands together: so as not to hold ourselves where it is not meant to be. Although many times in the Bible it may seem that God capriciously claims for himself the first place, in reality he does it out of pure generosity towards us: to avoid us the anxiety of confusing the altar; to avoid us the disappointment of believing that we had reached port, but soon find ourselves, once again, adrift.  

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Evangelization

St. Andrew Kim, first Korean priest, and companions martyrs

Nearly two hundred years ago, the Korean land was the scene of a fierce persecution of the Christian faith, and thousands of Koreans were martyred. St. Andrew Kim Taegon, a priest, was one of 103 Koreans canonized by St. John Paul II in 1984. In 2014, Pope Francis canonized 124, also in Seoul.

Francisco Otamendi-September 20, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute

"In this Audience I want to present to you another witness of apostolic zeal. This time it comes to us from distant lands," Pope Francis said. "Indeed, St. Andrew Kim Taegon was the first priest martyred in Korea. Two hundred years ago, there was a strong persecution in that country, and it was not possible to confess the faith openly. Before that, it was the laity who evangelized Korea," he added.

"His life was and continues to be an eloquent witness of zeal for the proclamation of the Gospel." "I highlight two scenes that give us proof of this zeal," he continued. "In the first, we see St. Andrew faced with the difficulty of having no choice but to meet the faithful in public. And managing to recognize himself without anyone noticing." He summed up his identity in two words: 'disciples of Jesus'."

The blood of the martyrs

On May 16, 1984, on his return from his apostolic journey to various Asian countries, St. John Paul II estimated that around ten thousand people were Korean martyrs. And he said: "When reading the "Acta martyrum" of the 19th century in the Korean land, a close analogy with the "Martyrologium romanum" comes to mind. The "great works of God" per martyrres are repeated at different times in history and in different parts of the world".

In two centuries of existence, the Church in Korea, Pope John Paul II added, "growing on the soil made so deeply fertile by the blood of the martyrs, has developed greatly. It now has about 1,600,000 faithful," he said, and "this development continues. The numerous conversions and baptisms (...), the great number of priestly and religious vocations, the deep Catholic conscience of the laity and their lively apostolic commitment bear witness to this".

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Cervantes, according to Amenábar  

Although Amenábar takes historical license, the film shows a Cervantes who survives captivity thanks to his talent for storytelling, transforming adversity into narrative and anticipating his immortal work.

September 20, 2025-Reading time: 4 minutes

Alejandro Amenábar has the gift of stirring up controversy with every release. The latest, "El cautivo" (The Captive), arrives with that imprint of scandal served on a platter, but before raising flags of enthusiasm or crusade, one can dwell on the essentials: does the film work as a fictional story -resulting in fiction- inspired by real events? Yes, and comfortably so. 

The film recreates with remarkable success the atmosphere of captivity in Algiers, that microcosm of trade, barter, renegades and chains. It is worth remembering that religious tension was the main score throughout the Mediterranean, with two opposing empires that made the "Mare nostrum" their frontier and kept watch on every coast; in Algiers, however, what set the pace was not so much faith or politics as pure and simple profit: everything there was ransom, the privateering business, trade in stolen merchandise and accumulated wealth. That is why its port did not stop even in times of truce: while the chancelleries signed armistices, the Barbary galleys continued to sail the sea in search of Christians who could be converted into hard currency. The spectator breathes the harshness of the prison and, at the same time, the intensity of the disputes between faith and apostasy. In this scenario, Amenábar draws a plausible and magnetic Cervantes: the one-armed prisoner is presented as a born storyteller, capable of transforming misery into narrative and of captivating enemies and companions with the force of his words. It is no small virtue that, after leaving the theater, the viewer understands better why, even in his confinement, Cervantes was known and respected. 

There are also filigree findings: the wink to the barber's shop or the shadows that foreshadow Don Quixote and Sancho are subtle resources that link the biography with the literary imaginary, but also the construction in real time of the novel of the captive captain -which would later be inserted in Don Quixote- as a short story by episodes that Cervantes himself told to his fellow prisoners and in which he literary refined everything he witnessed. This transposition between life and work is, perhaps, the most successful part of the script: the fact that Cervantes was already inventing, without knowing it, remnants of his immortal novel while he was dealing with the chain and torture. 

The question of the homosexual relationship between Cervantes and his captor deserves a separate mention. It is nothing new -it has been conjectured since ancient times-, but Amenábar dusts it off with the astuteness of someone who knows that few things sell more than putting the myth in carnal predicaments. The film even tries to shore up this supposed inclination in a prehistory that should be disproved: Cervantes' duel with Antonio de Sigura was not caused by libels against López de Hoyos nor, much less, by equivocal wanderings between the two. The motive was never known with certainty, although the most solid hypothesis is that it was a fight of honor in defense of his sister. The viewer should know this, so as not to confuse what he sees on the screen with a reliable source: both the duel and the alleged homosexual relationship are variations on reality, not historical notes. All in all, in the film the matter is tangential, little more than a cell rumor, and should not overshadow the real key: to show how storytelling becomes a handle in the face of oppression. That Cervantes and his master shared more than words is, in the film, more provocation than well-founded thesis. And even granting the license - however licentious it may be - that is due to all creators, it should not be forgotten that no such encounter, in that context, could be free or symmetrical: the captive is always under threat of death, stripped of his will and subject, in any case, to the law of domination. 

Perhaps, where the film is most out of place is not in the suggested homosexual inclination, but in the ideological bias that leads the viewer's gaze in the desired direction. From the representation of Algiers, not as the "purgatory in life, hell in the world" that the author himself sang, but as a city of pleasures and liberties, in clear contrast with a gloomy, inquisitorial and ashen Castile; to the way in which Cervantes' spirituality is portrayed. That is where it errs completely. That the captive mutters "i piccoli piaceri" when he is about to be hanged, or that he dialogues with the Bajá about the absence 

The fact that the words "God and love", as if they were a pair of existentialists "avant la lettre", are licenses that betray rather than enlighten. In all categoricalness: those lines would never come from a Miguel de Cervantes who knew he was a child of his time, marked by the religiosity of the Spain of Philip II and whose faith was, to a greater or lesser degree, the ultimate support of his resistance. To accept a homosexual relationship in the middle of a prison can be understood as a dramatic resource; to attribute to it such a modern disbelief is, on the other hand, an anachronism that distorts the essential. But don't let the puritans tremble too much. "The Captive" was never intended to be a treatise on history or another volume of the "Topographia", but a fiction, another of many that revisit the Cervantine myth from one place or another. In this field, what Amenábar ultimately wants to achieve -and achieves- is to convince us that Cervantes survived largely thanks to his gift of narration, that his word won where his body was subdued. What does it matter, therefore, the historical rigor and scrupulous attention to detail in the face of such a powerful thesis. The film, in short, with all its excesses and biases, ends up reinforcing a fundamental aspect, and we are left with it: that the one-armed man of Lepanto, the "such-and-such of Saavedra" was, above all and above all, the freest and most brilliant of all storytellers.

The authorJuan Cerezo

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Evangelization

"La Plena": a way to evangelize by listening to young people

At St. Josemaría Rectory Church, a podcast and an "After" have become the bridge to bring young people closer to God.

Editorial Staff Omnes-September 20, 2025-Reading time: < 1 minute

Traditional forms of evangelization can be unattractive to many young people. At St. Josemaría Church in Samborondón they realized this and, instead of creating a youth group "from above", they decided to ask them what they would like to do.

After a couple of meetings with the young people, an idea emerged: to create a live podcast: "It would not be a directly religious program, but a dialogue between two hosts - a young woman and myself, as priest - and a guest, looking for that 'supernatural' vision that would challenge the listeners," explains Juan Carlos Vascónez, rector of the church.

In addition, after each chapter, they would organize a "After". A space for people to talk, meet and share, thus generating a real community. The goal? That restless young people, with wide-ranging interests, would find a meeting place.

©Milton Torres

This week they reach their eighth episode and the number of young people attending continues to grow. The podcast is recorded every two weeks, and in the weeks when there is no program, they organize training and social aid activities. "The work has been intense, but seeing the commitment of these kids, and how the podcast becomes a means for people to get closer to God, is an immense joy," says Juan Carlos.

The Vatican

Leo XIV vindicates the vow of obedience despite the risk of abuses

During an audience with several religious orders, he warned that, although today it is seen as a renunciation of freedom, well lived it strengthens faith, fidelity and community maturity.

Javier García Herrería-September 20, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

In a context in which the Church faces the challenge of maintaining the balance between Christian obedience to the superior and the prevention of abuses of power and conscience, Pope Leo XIV courageously emphasized the profound value of the vow of obedience during an audience with members of various religious orders.

"Obedience, in its deepest meaning of active and generous listening to others, is a great act of love by which we accept to die to ourselves so that our brothers and sisters may grow and live," the Pontiff said Sept. 18, addressing the leaders of the Ursuline Sisters of Mary Immaculate, the Missionaries of the Precious Blood, the Marists and the Franciscan Friars of the Immaculate.

The Pope expressed his desire to reflect on "the vital importance of obedience as an act of love in religious consecration. Jesus gave us an example of this in his relationship with the Father: 'I seek not my own will, but the will of him who sent me.

Going against the current

Recalling St. Augustine, the Pope pointed out that this great Father of the Church defined obedience as "the daughter of charity". He also stressed that, although today it may be unpopular to speak of obedience because it is interpreted as a renunciation of freedom, this perception is erroneous.

"To speak of obedience is not very fashionable today because it is considered a renunciation of freedom," the Pope said. But this is not so. When professed and lived in faith, obedience reveals a luminous path of self-giving that can help the world rediscover the value of sacrifice, the capacity for lasting relationships and maturity in community that goes beyond the feelings of the moment, establishing itself in fidelity."

He concluded by affirming that "Obedience is a school of freedom in love," encouraging the orders present to rediscover the spiritual richness of this commitment in community and ecclesial life.

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The World

Armed group kills 22 people at christening in Niger

Gunmen linked to jihadist groups massacred dozens of villagers gathered for a baptism in Niger.

Editorial Staff Omnes-September 19, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

At least 22 people were killed on Monday, September 15, in an attack by gunmen on motorcycles on a christening ceremony in western Niger, residents and international media reported. The assault took place in the village of Takoubat in the Tillabéri region, an area bordering Burkina Faso and Mali where jihadist groups linked to Al Qaeda and the Islamic State operate.

According to witnesses quoted by AFP and EFE, the attackers opened fire on the baptism attendees, killing 15 people, and then killed seven others in the vicinity of the village. "While people were celebrating a baptism ceremony, armed men opened fire, sowing death and terror," Maikoul Zodi, a local civil rights activist, denounced on social networks.

The Nigerian Defense and Security Forces (FDS) deployed in the area launched a manhunt operation to try to capture those responsible. The authorities have confirmed the attack, but have not yet published an official death toll.

The assault comes just six days after an ambush in which fourteen Nigerian soldiers were killed in the same region while pursuing a group of armed men stealing cattle. Human rights organizations such as Human Rights Watch have denounced that since March armed groups have intensified their attacks, killing at least 127 villagers and Muslim worshippers; in addition, homes have been looted and burned.

Niger, ruled since July 2023 by a military junta following the overthrow of President Mohamed Bazoum, is experiencing spiraling violence in the Sahel. Despite the junta's promise to restore security, attacks against civilians and security forces continue to increase.

A pro-democracy coalition launched this month in Niamey criticized the "failure" of the military authorities to curb insecurity and demanded free elections and an end to restrictions on political parties and trade unions.

The Tillabéri region has become one of the epicenters of this violence, with indiscriminate attacks that have left rural communities in fear, displacement and loss of livelihoods.

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Evangelization

St. Gennaro, venerated in Naples for his blood, and protector before Vesuvius

Bishop and martyr of the third century, the blood of St. Gennaro is liquefied three times a year in Naples. On the first Saturday of May; on September 19 (liturgical memory of the saint and date of his martyrdom) and on December 16, when the eruption of Vesuvius is commemorated, blocked after the invocation to St. Gennaro.

Francisco Otamendi-September 19, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

Born in Naples, or perhaps in Benevento, in the second half of the third century, Gennaro was bishop of the city at the age of thirty. There he was loved and respected by all, including the pagans, for his charitable works. But in 303 the Christians became the enemy, and his martyrdom took place, along with six other Christians, in Pozzuoli. It was the time of Emperor Diocletian.

At the death of Gennaro (with G or with J), as was the custom during the execution of the martyrs, a woman, Eusebia, collected in two ampoules the blood shed by the bishop, already in the odor of sanctity. She gave them to the bishop of Naples, who had two chapels built in honor of the relics, according to the Vatican agency. The veneration of the saint spread and he was canonized by Sixtus V in 1586. In the newsits feast day is celebrated in Naples, in New York (Little Italy)and many other places.

Blood liquefies three times a year

As for the blood relic, it was first exposed in 1305. But the miracle of it acquiring the liquid state and appearing to be boiling, occurred for the first time on August 17, 1389, after a severe famine. 

Today the miracle is repeated three times a year. On the first Saturday of May, in memory of the first transfer. On September 19, in liturgical memory of the saint and the date of his martyrdom. And on December 16, in commemoration of the terrible eruption of Vesuvius in 1631, blocked after the invocation of the saint.

The two vials are kept in a case in the Chapel of St. Gennaro in the Cathedral of Naples. The Neapolitan archbishop said that "every drop of this blood speaks to us of God's love".

The liturgy today also celebrates Saints Francisco María de Camporosso, Alonso de Orozco, Carlos Hyon Song-mun, María de Cervelló and Teodoro de Canterbury, among others.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Education

5 tips to survive the beginning of the school year

At the beginning of the school year it is often difficult to get into the routine, but it is the ideal time to get organized and strengthen family life. Javier Segura gives 5 tips for this purpose.

Javier Segura-September 19, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

Now that we have landed in the new school year and we start again with the routine, it may be a good time to consider some educational lines that we can address this year. They go along the lines of good planning and not letting events decide for us.

1. It helps to plan well your children's activities and study. A good schedule helps to organize life. Check with them that it is a balanced schedule, in which are also included their times for sports, expansion, cultivation of skills, spiritual life, initiatives of dedication to others...  

2. Don't fill everything with extracurricular activities. Leave space for your children to play freely. This is also educational. It generates bonds with other peers, facilitates new experiences, develops their creativity. Children need free spaces to grow and mature.

3. Make a resolution as a family on how you are going to use your cell phone less. We need to reclaim our space! And this, as you know, is not just a matter for teenagers. We adults are also hooked and need some offline time. Plan it and don't leave it alone in the drawer of good intentions.

4. Propose to go on excursions as a family to interesting places, mainly in nature. I assure you that it is better than spending a weekend afternoon in a big shopping mall, there are so many beautiful places to discover! It is a bath of culture, nature, knowledge of our land... as well as a time of great quality family togetherness.

5. Dine whenever you can with your children as a family to be able to tell you (and listen) what happened to them during the day. I'm sure you learn a lot of things and it facilitates communication for the future. It should be a sacred time for everyone in the family.

As you can see, these are simple tips, but I assure you that if you put them into practice and plan them now that the school year is starting, wonderful things will happen in your family.

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Cinema

The fictional work "The Cardinal" and parallels with Pope Leo XIV

The novel and film 'The Cardinal' depicts the life of an American priest whose story resonates with that of the current Pope Leo XIV.

Onésimo Díaz-September 19, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

In the last few months we have all heard about Cardinal Robert Prevost, a high church hierarchy of American origin, recently elected pontiff who chose the name Leo XIV. What many people do not know is that before Cardinal Prevost there was a movie, based on a novel, which had as its protagonist a cardinal who was also American. 

In my book History, Culture and Christianity (1870-2020). An account through ten novels and their film adaptations.I dedicate a space to reflect on the relationship between religion, literature and cinema, highlighting some examples where Christianity becomes the narrative axis of modern works. Within this analysis, the novel The Cardinal (1950) by the American Henry Morton Robinson and the subsequent film adaptation directed by the Jewish Otto Preminger in 1963 occupy an important place.

The novel

The novel The Cardinalpublished in 1950, focuses on the life and spiritual trajectory of Stephen Fermoyle, a Catholic priest who progressively rises through the ecclesiastical career to the cardinalate. Robinson, who extensively documented the lives of ecclesiastical figures of his time (according to some authors it seems that he was partially inspired by the life of the Archbishop of New York, Francis Joseph Spellman), presents a story that intertwines personal dilemmas, political tensions and the pastoral mission of the Church in a context marked by wars, totalitarianism and social crises. The work had a great editorial impact because it brought the reading public closer to the interior and exterior life of a priest in dialogue with the problems of the 20th century.

This novel, which the magazine Time chosen as "the most popular book of the year", must be understood within the literary tradition of Catholicism in the Anglo-Saxon sphere, where authors such as Graham Greene or Evelyn Waugh also explored the tension between faith and the modern world. In this case, Robinson opts for a more institutional approach, showing the priest as a public figure facing decisions of enormous historical repercussion. In doing so, the work becomes a testimony of how the Catholic Church sought to maintain its relevance in a convulsive era.

The movie

The film directed by Otto Preminger in 1963, inspired by the novel, takes up much of this content, but presents it in Hollywood's own cinematic language. The film, starring Tom Tryon (Stephen Fermoyle), narrates his priestly training, his personal conflicts and his responsibilities in a world shaken by Nazism, racism and social transformations. Preminger, known for tackling controversial issues, uses the story to raise questions of justice, moral conscience and religious commitment.

The film has a double cultural value. On the one hand, it reflects how the American film industry of the mid-twentieth century could approach Catholic themes with seriousness, showing the priest as a complex protagonist, far from stereotypes. On the other hand, it functions as a window to understand how the Church was perceived in a context marked by the Cold War and the Second Vatican Council, which began precisely at the time of the film's release, with Pope John XXIII and later with Paul VI. 

Parallelisms

The pedagogical dimension of these works is noteworthy. Both the novel and the film give the general public a glimpse of the challenges a priest faces in trying to live his vocation coherently amid external pressures. The protagonist must constantly discern between ecclesial obedience, fidelity to his conscience and social commitment, a theme that connects directly to the reflection on the role of cardinals in the history of the Church. There is a hard moment in the story when the protagonist meets a young, intelligent and beautiful woman (played by Romy Schneider), and considers leaving the priesthood, giving himself a few months of trial in which he teaches English in a Viennese educational institution, when the Nazis were about to control Austria. But he reacts and decides to go ahead with his priestly vocation. Preminger portrays these vicissitudes, in which the clergyman came out of it well.

In conclusion, The Cardinal -both in its literary version and in its film adaptation- is a clear example of how modern culture has represented the ecclesiastical figure as a mediator between faith and the world. By addressing issues of power, morality and spirituality, these works show the relevance of Christianity as a cultural and narrative theme in the twentieth century. In addition, The Cardinal presents some parallels with the life of the current pope: coming from a deeply Catholic American family, of modest social origin, and with European roots; ecclesiastical career started in the United States and culminated in Rome... I do not want to make "spoilers", but it is worth watching Preminger's outstanding film; and for those who like voluminous and remarkable books, you can read Robinson's novel. In this case the film is better than the novel: Preminger's work surpasses it in beauty and pace. And, last but not least, for those interested in understanding these works in their historical context can see my book, in which I discuss nine other great works of film and literature to understand the last 150 years of world history. Almost nothing.

The authorOnésimo Díaz

Researcher at the University of Navarra and author of the book History of the Popes in the 20th century

Saving young people from screens: the mission of people who read

The inescapable mission of true readers: to awaken in young people a passion for books and rescue them from the absorbing dominance of screens.

September 19, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

In the schools where I work I have seen teenagers who read. They exist. They pull out the novel during reading time, they move on when they are injured and can't do physical education. In the best of cases, they finish it off in the afternoon, while they wait to be picked up. In the tutorials I have with students, I usually break the ice with this topic (Literature is my weakness). In this way I have gotten to know their reading habits and with more than one of them we have become friends.

Faced with the question: "Do you like reading?", some say yes, very much, and even mention outstanding titles. But they are few. Most answer something like: "I can't stand the mandatory books in the reading plan, so I look for summaries on the Internet... but sometimes I read other things on my own". There we connect, and as soon as they mention titles or literary characters they smile, breathe and a good conversation begins.

Well, following the teenagers' lead, I have been reading some of the novels they choose as a hobby (perhaps as part of those 5.5 books that a Chilean reads per year, according to the recent report of the Ministry of Cultures and INE). My intention was to get an idea of their world and I ended up enjoying more than them: Maze Runner, The Hunger Games, Percy Jackson. They are entertaining novels, full of magic, fantasy or science fiction that, indeed, accelerate the heart and have enough strength to initiate someone in the reading habit. However, they leave with a taste of little and sometimes tend to an unedifying brutality.

"Would you like to read more?", I ask them later. "Yes, but social media takes up too much of my time." We always end up there. It's inescapable. Whatever I do, tutoring flows towards complaining against screens, the difficulties to free oneself from their tentacles, the desire to walk nimbly, without the weight of that pocket anchor. The cell phone is the elephant in the glassware of education. Because of it, children's minds are losing the ability to digest longer or less adrenalin-pumping stories that illustrate essential areas of life. As Gabriela Mistral complained in 1925, Chile is a "people that seeks the violent chronicle of crime, to receive the electric sensation, because it ignores the delicate thrill of other emotions". Indeed, today young people drink plenty of violence in best sellers: characters who offer themselves to compete in macabre life and death competitions, others who fight for their skin while trying to escape from an absurd labyrinth. That may qualify as a start, I do not deny it, but I am afraid to warn of the possibility that it may also constitute a ceiling.

What would our poet say if she were among us? She would probably outline a discreet question to adults: On what scale of priorities do you place the education of children? How do you help them rise from the rawness of The Hunger Games to the elegance of a Verne, a Stevenson, a Tolstoy? Next, perhaps he would give us this advice that he wielded in 1935: "The task in favor of the book that corresponds to teachers and parents is to awaken the appetite for the book, to pass from there to the pleasure of it and to finish off the enterprise by leaving a simple pleasure promoted to passion". In fact, in the same writing he added that the educator's challenge consists in: "To make one read, as one eats, every day, until reading becomes, like looking, a natural exercise, but always a joyful one. The habit cannot be acquired if it does not promise and fulfill pleasure". Here is the key for our Nobel Prize winner: reading is learned through enjoyment, and the child needs the adult to guide him.

The task of educators, therefore, is not to demand a certain number of books read from their students, or to aspire to surpass the average of 5.5 books per year with any title, but to invoke their own experience as readers, to radiate desire, to share the enormous happiness we receive from literary creation. However, motivating is an arduous challenge, due to the number of brambles that cover the earth. The main enemy, we were saying, is the telephone: children have a device that decimates their attention, during the day and at night, without giving them respite, without letting them delve into anything, keeping them away from the classics of Literature.

In this sense, the work of parents and teachers is more meritorious than before: it is up to them to convince by attraction, magnetism, irresistible enthusiasm. The normal teacher is no longer enough; now we need the hero. We urgently need men and women with the vocation to encourage children to savor the riches of folklore, stories, novels and good essays. Doing this, without a doubt, is much more difficult than meeting a goal of a certain number of books read per year. For only those who, one, love good books and, two, accompany young people in their struggle against distractions, can instill affection for books. Ultimately, they want to read more, but they need our help to do so.

The authorJuan Ignacio Izquierdo Hübner

Lawyer from the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile, Licentiate in Theology from the Pontifical University of the Holy Cross (Rome) and Doctorate in Theology from the University of Navarra (Spain).

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Father S.O.S

European DNS: shielding against digital threats

The theft of computer data or fraud is a reality that parishes and priests also live with every day. To avoid them, it is very useful to know how DNS works and avoid problems when surfing the Internet.

José Luis Pascual-September 19, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

On the Internet, almost everything starts with a query to the Domain Name System (DNS). This system translates names such as www.vatican.va into numeric IP addresses that computers need to communicate. 

The risk of a vulnerable entry point

The malware (malicious software) and the spam (spam) are not mere nuisances: they can steal data, hijack files or compromise the privacy of religious communities. As all network traffic starts with a DNS query, if an attacker controls this point, he can redirect the user to fake pages, install viruses or facilitate the sending of fraudulent mass mailings.

What is the European Union doing? DNS4EU"

The European Commission and the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA) have launched DNS4EUa solver that:

-Increases security: blocks domains with malware, phishing o spam.

-Protects privacy: does not market or store queries unnecessarily.

-Ensures resilience: keeps the service active even in the face of massive attacks.

The blacklists of DNS4EU are updated in seconds. If a domain starts distributing malwarecan be blocked in the entire network DNS4EU in a matter of seconds.

How filtering works

When a device in a parish queries an address, the DNS resolver:

-Receive the request (What is the IP of mail.parish.net?).

-Check if the domain is listed in threat databases.

-Responds with the legitimate IP if it is safe, or blocks/redirects if it is dangerous.

This filtering occurs in microseconds and does not slow down navigation.

Benefits for the Church

Parishes, dioceses and religious communities are also targeted by cybercriminals. Some actual attacks include:

-Phishing to priests to steal passwords.

-Ransomware who encrypts diocesan documents and demands a ransom.

Spam sent from legitimate addresses to deceive the faithful.

Using secure DNS resolvers can prevent the parish secretariat's computer or a priest's personal laptop from even connecting to the servers hosting the malware. It is a proactive defense: the attack is cut off before it reaches the device.

Privacy and sensitive data

The free DNS of large corporations can record browsing habits. Although they do not collect content, they do show patterns of activity.

European resolvers such as DNS4EU are governed by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), ensuring that queries are not used for commercial purposes or stored unnecessarily. This provides a particularly valuable layer of privacy protection for religious entities that handle sensitive data on worshippers and pastoral activities.

How to implement it in a parish or community

Device: the IP addresses of the resolver can be entered in the network settings of a computer or telephone. DNS4EU (published on its official website).

Router: simply change the configuration so that the entire parish network uses the secure DNS. This automatically protects all connected devices.

In addition, the use of encrypted protocols such as DNS over HTTPS (DoH) o DNS over TLS (DoT) prevents DNS queries from traveling "in the clear" over the network, making it difficult for an attacker to eavesdrop or manipulate them.

A pastoral defense also

In the 21st century, caring for the flock also includes protecting its data and communications. Just as church doors are locked at night or locks are installed in the sacristy, today it is prudent to erect "digital locks". Having a system that detects and blocks threats before they come into contact with our devices is a work of prudence... and of pastoral charity.

The Vatican

A glimpse of Pope Leo XIV's first interview: clues to his pontificate 

Elise Ann Allen, a Crux journalist, publishes today, September 18, a book containing the first interview with Leo XIV. In it, the Pope shares his views on the challenges of the papacy and numerous current issues facing the Church.

Paola Arriaza-Flynn-September 18, 2025-Reading time: 9 minutes

In his first interview as Pontiff contained in the book "Leo XIV: Citizen of the World, Missionary of the 21st Century," the Pope laid out a possible map for navigating his pontificate. Just four months after his election, the Pope decided to sit down with journalist Elise Ann Allen, a Crux correspondent, and offer his perspective on the most pressing issues of the current work of the successor of St. Peter: on the role of Supreme Pontiff, his task as mediator or moral voice in a world crowded with armed conflicts, his relationship with the leadership of the Church in his country of origin, his position on controversial issues of the Synod of Synodality such as "the demand for the recognition of same-sex marriage" - the question of the celebration of the Tridentine mass and the financial position of the Holy See. Among other topics, the Pontiff confirmed with his words that his ecumenical zeal will lead him to Nicea at the end of November.  

From the beginning of his pontificate, Leo XIV has warned of the great tool and the great challenge that is the Artificial Intelligence In our times, one of the motivations for choosing the name Leo XIV, alluding to Leo XIII's response to the industrial revolution.

In the interview, the Pope expressed his opinion on the danger of artificial intelligence replacing truth and commented on an anecdote in which he himself was a victim of an artificial intelligence. deepfake. After answering the journalist's questions without much hesitation, the Pontiff himself added a unique touch by concluding: "I sleep well, I feel the presence of the Lord very much, the Holy Spirit is with me".  

The Role of the Supreme Pontiff, Bilateral and Multilateral Relations of the Holy See

"How was I chosen for this office, for this ministry? Because of my faith, because of what I have lived, because of my understanding of Jesus Christ and of the Gospel", with these words the Holy Father explained what more than 250,000 people witnessed in St. Peter's Square, where, from via della Conciliazione, I was reporting live for EWTN during the habemus papam that made our skin crawl. Among reporters from major networks such as Fox News, CNN and ABC News, Catholic media correspondents shared the weight of those words: the weight that the Fisherman's ring would have on the former Cardinal Prevost.

"I said yes, I am here. I hope to be able to confirm others in their faith, because that is the fundamental role of the successor of Peter," the Pontiff explained in his first interview. In doing so, he established the priorities of his pontificate: to bring the Gospel to the ends of the earth.

When asked if the Vatican would be a mediator in the conflict in Ukraine he explained that the Vatican had already offered on several occasions to host negotiations, however - and very importantly - he added: "I would make a distinction between the voice of the Holy See advocating peace and a role as a mediator, which I think is very different and not as realistic as the former."

He clarified that, according to his understanding of the pontificate, the role of the Pope today, in this time, is mainly that of "announcing the Good News, preaching the Gospel". From this it is understood that the Pope raises his voice for peace, since the values that the Church promotes when it comes to world crises "do not come out of nowhere, they come from the Gospel. They come from a place that makes it very clear how we understand the relationships between God and us, and among ourselves." The Pontiff stated decisively, "I do not see my primary role as trying to be the solver of the world's problems."

Regarding the conflict in the Middle East, when asked about what space there is for dialogue at the moment between Gaza and Israel, the Holy Father admitted the difficulty of this question and stressed the role that the United States is very big when it comes to "putting pressure on Israel". Although he admitted not knowing the answer, he assured that one thing is certain: in addition to solving the urgent problem of famine, there is the challenge of bringing medical assistance to a situation that has been described by various international organizations as "genocide." However, he confirmed that the Holy See does not believe they can make an official statement on the matter at this time.

The Pope stressed that President Donald Trump has already made an approach to possible solutions, however, he expressed concern at the lack of "a clear response in terms of finding effective ways to alleviate the suffering of the people in Gaza." The journalist asked the Pope if he has a meeting planned with the U.S. president, to which he replied, "I think it would be much more appropriate for the leadership of the Church in the United States to engage with him, very seriously."

With these words he underlined an essential aspect about the way in which he will possibly manage some of the conversations with the heads of state, detailing that the work of the Apostolic Nuncio and the Episcopal Conference will be very strong in each country when it comes to these issues. Local agents with local knowledge, this seems to be his approach to the debates that are held within the country, as is the case of immigration, to which he made reference when quoting the letter that Pope Francis sent to the U.S. Bishops' Conference at the end of his pontificate.  

It is impossible to ignore the power of the fact that Pope Leo XIV is the first American Pope, so during the interview he was asked if this might make a difference or amplify his voice when he addresses the country. The Pontiff immediately made reference to the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops when he said, "I hope in the long run it will make a difference to the bishops of the United States...The fact that I am an American means, among other things, that people can't say, as they did with Francis, 'he doesn't understand America, he just doesn't see what's going on.'"

Declaring himself to be a full North American, a White Sox fan, he said that he felt "fully American" but that he loved the people of Peru very much and that this love is a very big part of his identity. In doing so, he admitted an understanding of the life of the Church in Latin America, which I interpret as an aspect that will have great weight in the way he addresses international audiences.

A definition of synodality, the question of women's ordination, LGBTIQ+ pastoral care, etc. 

During the interview the Pontiff offered a definition of synodality. He explained that it is an "attitude, an openness, a willingness to understand" through dialogue, which constitutes an important method of how to live the mission of the Church.

The Pope admitted that some bishops or priests had felt threatened by the development of this listening: "Synodality is going to take away my authority," he quoted. A stinging response: "That's not what synodality is about, and maybe their idea of what their authority is is a little bit unfocused, wrong. I think synodality is a way of describing how we can come together and be a community and seek communion as a Church."

However, the most important clarification about synodality, in my opinion, that he made during this interview, is the following: "It is not about trying to transform the Church into a kind of democratic government". A statement that, undoubtedly, recalls his respect for the hierarchy of the Church, tradition and doctrine, which is the basis and sustenance of the Church. In other words, it seems that the Pontiff was trying to say that the synodal methodology is nothing more than a process of listening to the needs of the Church in different parts of the world and that there is still much to be done in this regard.

Some of the issues that were brought up during the Synod of Synodality were the management of LGBTIQ+ pastoral care. When asked how he would address the issue he said, "I don't have a plan at this time" and stressed that it is a highly polarizing issue within the Church, to which he added "at this moment in history, I am trying not to further promote polarization in the Church."

However, he was very clear when he said, "It seems to me very unlikely, certainly in the near future, that the Church's doctrine will change in terms of what it teaches about sexuality and marriage."

It was here that the Pontiff made an apology for marriage: "the family is a man and a woman in a solemn commitment, blessed in the sacrament of marriage". The Pontiff expressed his concern for the support of the "traditional family". Father, mother and children, he detailed. He explained that this is the basic building block that has been under attack in recent decades.

He confessed that in his own life the influence of his family has been key in molding the person he is: "I am who I am because I had a wonderful relationship with my father and mother. They had a very happy married life for over forty years."

He also added that he is aware of the panorama in which there is pressure for the approval of homosexual marriage or the "recognition of trans people", to which he responded that people will be "accepted and received" in the Church, that priests will hear confessions "from all kinds of people", but that "the teaching of the Church will continue as it is". 

On the ordination of women deaconesses, he explained that he has no intention of changing the Church's doctrine on this issue, but that he is willing to continue to listen to the conclusions of study groups, such as the Dicastery for the Doctrine of the Faith.

A few words about the Tridentine Mass  

In response to the question of the "many letters" that have reached the Vatican regarding the "Latin Mass," the Pontiff replied matter-of-factly: "Well, you can say Mass in Latin right now. If it is the rite of Vatican II, there is no problem. Obviously, between the Tridentine Mass and the Vatican II Mass, the Mass of Paul VI, I'm not sure where that's going to go. It's obviously very complicated."  

He added that the complication arises from the fact that, in his opinion, the issue has become a political tool. He admitted that he hopes to be able to converse with a group of people who advocate the Tridentine rite in order to sit down and talk without the conversation becoming one about ideologies. Because, as he has expressed since the beginning of his pontificate, unity and communion in the Church is for him a priority.  

The reforms following Praedicate Evangelium and the financial situation of the Holy See 

The Pontiff explained that the purpose of Praedicate Evangelium was to place the Holy See at the service of the ministry of the Pope and the local bishops and to find a way to organize the Holy See so that it is at the service of the people of God. However, he admitted that the Holy See is a human organization and therefore has "aspects to improve". Aspects that we have seen accentuated in financial scandals, such as that of the purchase and sale of a property on Sloane Avenue, which resulted in a loss of more than 100 million euros for the Holy See.

The Pontiff himself made reference to this case: "We have to avoid the bad decisions that were made in recent years. Great publicity was given to the purchase of this building in London, in Sloane Avenue, and how many millions were lost because of that".

On the financial situation of the Holy See, the Pope explained that "various financial units of the Holy See are functioning well" and cited the 2024 report of the Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See. He optimistically admitted that he does not believe that the financial crisis is over, but that it is an issue that does not "keep him awake at night," and invited the Vatican itself to change the narrative so that the Holy See is once again attractive to those who want to make donations. That is, to offer them the assurance that the money granted will be well managed.

He explained that by saying that "the Vatican has often given the wrong message" he is not inviting to change the message just for the sake of changing it, but to show more strongly that there is a certain stability.

For the time being, he concluded that his reform, now, will focus on another issue: it will consist of improving communication between dicasteries, so that they do not work in isolation but in cooperation, something he already considered important from his time as head of the dicastery for bishops.  

Ecumenism: a trip to Nicaea, Turkey 

"One of the deepest wounds in the life of the Church today is the fact that as Christians we are divided", with these words, the Pope repeated that one of the objectives of the Church today must be unity. To materialize this proposal, he assured that one of his projects is the celebration of the 1700th anniversary of the Council of Nicaea: "I am very interested in this and, hopefully, I will go to Nicaea at the end of November". What, according to Francis' proposal, would be a meeting with the Patriarch of Constantinople, Bartholomew, has become a request by Leo XIV to extend the invitation to "leaders of many different religions or Christian communities".

Next on his agenda: "finding a common date for Easter." The Pontiff admitted that some steps have been taken towards this, without saying whether progress has been made or not. It will definitely be a topic under study at the Vatican.  

Artificial intelligence: deepfakes  

"It's going to be very difficult to discover the presence of God in AI," Pope Leo admitted in his interview. Without presenting a pessimistic tone, he celebrated the great advances of this technology and the impact it could have on the field of medicine. However, he admitted that he is concerned about the issue of truth and the impact that the creation of a "false world" would have on the world's population.

Finding God in Artificial Intelligence? The Pope explained that "in human relationships, we can find at least signs of God's presence", in mutual respect, in working for peace, which, according to the Pope, are values that arise "from a real understanding of the wonderful gift that God gave us as human beings". Leon added that, in this case, it is the task of the Church to raise her voice, because if she does not do so, she herself will become "just another pawn".

The Pope related an anecdote about what he calls that false world and the danger of the deepfakesOne day, talking to someone, they asked me: "Are you all right? And I said, "Yes, I'm fine, why?". "Well, you fell down a flight of stairs." I said, "No, I didn't fall," but there was a video somewhere where they had created an artificial Pope, me, falling down a flight of stairs while walking, and apparently it was so good that they thought it was me."  

About your identity 

The interview revealed fascinating features about his identity. Pope Leo XIV presented himself as a man who values privacy and admitted that this was one of the aspects that caused him the most suffering at the time of his election: "Frankly, it's not at all easy to give up everything you were and had in the past and take on a role that is twenty-four hours a day, basically, and so public. Everything is known about me, past, present, et cetera, and the responsibilities and the mission itself," he said. He admitted that assuming the papacy has been for him a pilgrimage between "death and life", a typical image of this Jubilee year.

After citing his predecessor, Pope Francis, on many occasions, Pope Leo XIV recalled a moment that was lived very intensely here in Rome: the last appearance of Francis in the central loggia of St. Peter's Basilica on the day of Easter. His difficulty in speaking, which is why he did not read his own speech, in which he decisively expressed that we are not made for death but for eternal life and that the Resurrection of Christ is proof of this. Words that many of us journalists heard on that occasion and that I keep in my mind with great affection....

In short, his message has had a great impact on the current Pontiff, but the reforms and initiatives that Leo XIV will carry out as the new successor of St. Peter will be very much his own. He will decide them, with the freedom and responsibility that such an office gives him. We will see the imprint of his faith, of what he has lived, his understanding of Jesus Christ and the Gospel.

The authorPaola Arriaza-Flynn

Vatican correspondent for EWTN Spanish "Noticias" program. He recently anchored live coverage of the conclave and election of Pope Leo XIV. Prior to joining EWTN, he was Vatican correspondent for NBC Telemundo News. He holds degrees in journalism and philosophy from the University of Navarra, Spain.

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The Vatican

Pope rejects idea of a "virtual pope" and explains his vision of AI

Pope Leo XIV has declared that a proposal to create an artificial intelligence-based version of him, so that people could have a virtual audience with the Pope, practically horrified him. He said so in an interview with Elise Ann Allen, a journalist and writer, for Crux.

CNS / Omnes-September 18, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

- Cindy Wooden, CNS

Leo XIV has indicated that he is appalled by a proposal to create an artificial intelligence-based version of him, a "virtual pope." "If there is anyone who should not be represented by an avatar, I would say the Pope is at the top of the list." So he has expressed himself in an interview with Elise Allen, talking about AI (Artificial Intelligence), among other things.

– Supernatural interview Allen's July 30 interview with Pope Leo is the last chapter of his biography, "Leo XIV: Citizen of the World, Missionary of the 21st Century". It has been published in Spanish by Penguin Peru on September 18. The text, in English and Spanish, was given to journalists.

Pope Leo made clear his concern about the potential dangers of artificial intelligence (AI) after his election in early May. And he has given some concrete examples of why.

An artificial self: "I am not going to authorize it".

"Recently, someone asked for authorization to create an artificial self so that anyone could access this website and have a personal audience with 'the Pope,'" he told Allen. "This artificially intelligent pope would give them answers to their questions, and I said, 'I'm not going to authorize it.'"

It is true that human creativity can be amazing and artificial intelligence has already proven its usefulness in some fields. But "there is a danger in this, because you end up creating a fake world and then you ask yourself, what is the truth?".

Impact on human dignity and employment.

At the heart of his concern, the Pope said, is the impact of AI on human dignity and employment.

"Our human life has meaning not thanks to artificial intelligence," he said. "But thanks to human beings and to encounter, to be with one another, to create relationships and to discover in those human relationships also the presence of God."

"The danger is that the digital world will go its own way and we will either become pawns or be left by the wayside," especially when it comes to employment, he said.

Human dignity has a very important relationship with the work we do," the Pope said. "The fact that we can, thanks to the gifts we have received, produce, offer something to the world and earn a living" is a sign of human dignity.

Pope Leo said he believes there is a looming crisis because of the lack of enough decent jobs for people due to technology and artificial intelligence.

There may be a huge problem in the future

"If we automate the whole world and only a few people have the means to not just survive, but to live well, to have meaningful lives, there will be a big problem. A huge problem in the future," he said.

"That was one of the questions on my mind when I chose the name Leo," the Pope said. His choice paid homage to Pope Leo XIII, author of the encyclical 'Rerum Novarum'. In it he addressed labor issues and workers' rights during the Industrial Revolution.

Relationship between science and faith

"The Church is not against advances in technology, not at all," he said, but also insists on maintaining a relationship between faith and reason, and science and faith.

"I believe that losing that relationship will leave science as an empty, cold shell that will seriously damage the essence of humanity," Pope Leo said. "And the human heart will be lost in the midst of technological development, as it is today."

The authorCNS / Omnes

Spain

Pope receives pontifical commissioner for Torreciudad

A few days after the bishop of Barbastro Monzón once again brought the situation of the church and its surroundings into the media spotlight, Leo XIV received in audience Msgr. Alejandro Arellano Cedillo in audience.

Maria José Atienza-September 18, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

This morning Leo XIV received in audience Bishop Alejandro Arellano Cedillo, dean of the Tribunal of the Roman Rota, who, as of October 2024, will serve as pontifical commissary plenipotentiary to settle the open question between the Prelature of Opus Dei and the Bishop of Barbastro Monzón on the issue of Torreciudad.

This is the second audience in little more than three months, since on June 3, Bishop Alejandro Arellano was also received by the Pontiff in audience. Alejandro Arellano was also received by the pontiff in audience.

In addition, at the end of August 2025, this Spaniard was appointed by Pope Leo XIV as a member of the Dicastery for the ClergyOpus Dei, the organization in charge of accompanying, forming and supervising priests and deacons worldwide and an organism of the Holy See under which the Prelature of Opus Dei is placed following the change made by Pope Francis with the Motu Proprio Ad charisma tuendum.

Torreciudad, last days in the media spotlight

The scope of this meeting has not been made public, although a few days ago, on September 8, Bishop Ángel Pérez Pueyo, diocesan bishop of Barbastro Monzón, led a meeting with the bishop of Barbastro Monzón. Ángel Pérez Pueyo, diocesan bishop of Barbastro Monzón, led a new chapter in the development of the process, initiated in July 2023, when, in the homily of the patron saint festivities of Barbastro, he focused his words on the state of Torreciudad, implying his refusal to a possible decision of the Holy See that did not contemplate the main demands of the bishop.

Five days later, the esplanade of Torreciudad hosted the 33rd Marian Family Conference The central Mass was presided over by Ignacio Barrera, Regional Vicar of Opus Dei.

Decision in the hands of the Holy See

Since the appointment of the rector of Torreciudad in July 2023, unilaterally by the bishop of the diocese of Barbastro Monzón, the situation of Torreciudad and the whole complex has been immersed in a complicated process.

In October 2024, Pope Francis appointed Alejandro Arellano Cedillo, dean of the Tribunal of the Roman Rota, as plenipotentiary commissary with the objective that this jurist would be in charge of resolving a solution to an issue, which has been joined by different requests from the bishop of Barbastro as well as differences of criteria with respect to the agreement between the Opus Dei prelature and the Aragonese diocese.

The last press release of Opus Dei dates back to June 2025 when he denied rumors of an alleged agreement between the Prelature of Opus Dei and the Diocese of Barbastro-Monzón in relation to Torreciudad and said he was awaiting the Vatican's decision.

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Evangelization

Saints Stanislaus Kostka, Joseph of Cupertino, and martyrs of Uganda

Pope Leo XIV yesterday entrusted "Poland and world peace" to St. Stanislaus Kostka. He also asked in the Audience that this young man of 18 years be "an example and inspiration in the search for God's will and in the courageous fulfillment of his vocation". On September 18, St. Joseph of Cupertino and two Ugandan martyrs are also celebrated.

Francisco Otamendi-September 18, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

The Pope addressed in particular the Polish-speaking faithful, and "the new generations of believers," but the message was for everyone yesterday at St. Peter's. May St. Stanislaus Kostka be "example and inspiration" in seeking God's will. 

The liturgy today celebrates this young novice, "patron of his homeland and of young people," who had not even been a Jesuit for a year when he died. Although his universal feast day is August 15, it is also celebrated on September 18 in some places, especially in Poland, where he is patron. 

Premonition that I would die on August 15

Stanislaus of Kostka (Stanislaw Kostka, 1550-1568) "is known for his youthful holiness and his steadfast decision to follow God's call despite the obstacles placed by his family", according to the Jesuit websitewhere you can read about his life. 

At the beginning of August 1568, he had a premonition that he would die soon. On August 14, he told the nurse that he would die the next day. No one believed him, but at three o'clock in the morning on the feast of the Assumption, August 15, he announced that Mary was coming to him surrounded by angels to take him to heaven and he died immediately.

Neapolitan friar 

St. Joseph of Cupertino, or Copertino, (1603-1663), born Joseph Marie Desa, was Neapolitan friar. From a young age he showed little intellectual talent. Overcoming many difficulties entered in the Order of the Conventual Franciscans and was able to reach the priesthood. It is said of him that mystical phenomena of corporal order reached a notorious character, in particular levitation. 

The Martyrology Romano highlights his humility and charity. "In Osimo, in the Picena region of Italy, St. Joseph of Cupertino, a priest of the Order of Friars Minor Conventual, famous, in difficult circumstances, for his poverty, humility and charity for those in need of God (1663)". He manifested great devotion to Christ in the Eucharist and to the Mother of God.

Young Christians in Uganda

The young Ugandans David Okelo and Gildo Irwa were sons of pagan parents, but were converted and baptized in the same year, 1916. Both of them were catechists and were very active in their evangelizing work. In 1918 they were killed with spears in the village of Paimol, near the mission of Kalongi (Uganda). They were beatified in 2002.

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Evangelization

Tunisia and Algeria: the land of St. Augustine

The historian Gerardo Ferrara introduces us to the history of Carthage which, being the cradle of St. Augustine, reveals from Tunisia and Algeria the historical, cultural and spiritual richness of North Africa.

Gerardo Ferrara-September 18, 2025-Reading time: 5 minutes

Carthage from above

I am writing this article on August 28, the liturgical memorial of St. Augustine (and the day of the saint's death) in a Jubilee year in which a pope belonging to the Augustinian Order has been elected.

I could not help remembering 25 years ago, when, during another Jubilee, I was in Tunisia to study Arabic for a month at a local university. Tunis: next to ancient Carthage, where Augustine was trained as a student and orator.

I still remember the thrill of crossing the Mediterranean for the first time by plane and flying over the coast of Africa right over the ruins of the ancient city of Dido (Tunis airport is precisely in Carthage).

It was an intense period, very hot, in class from 7:30 in the morning and then on the beach of Sidi Bou Said, visiting the medina of Tunis, the ruins of Carthage, walking along the wide avenues of the new city built by the French and Italians. And on weekends, excursions to wonderful places like Sousse, Kairouan, Hammamet or the island of Djerba.

Where Africa is born

Precisely this area of the Maghrebaround ancient Carthage, was first called Africa. The name, in fact, was coined by the Romans (like that of Palestine for another province, after another war) after the final defeat of Carthage (146 B.C.), by the Afri, a Berber tribe established there. Originally, Africa only designated the Roman province corresponding to present-day Tunisia and part of Algeria and Libya (Africa Proconsularis). The etymology is uncertain: from the Berber ifri ("cave"), from the Phoenician ʿafar ("dust") or from the Latin aprica ("sunny"). It was not until the Middle Ages that the term came to designate the entire continent.

Some data

Algeria and Tunisia are today two states of Mediterranean Africa (also called Maghreb), close not only geographically but also culturally. However, while Algeria, with more than 2.38 million km², is the largest country in Africa and has about 45 million inhabitants, Tunisia is one of the smallest (163,000 km² with a population of 12 million inhabitants). Algeria has a less diversified and less developed economy, although it is very rich in gas and oil, making it one of the world's leading exporters. Tunisia, on the other hand, has made agriculture, tourism and services its main economic sources and also has one of the highest literacy rates in the region.

Much of the territory of both countries is occupied by the Sahara, but the northern coastal areas are home to fertile plains (in Algeria also mountain ranges).

From Numidia to Carthage: the "new city".

Even before Carthage, and before being called Africa, the coast of Algeria and Tunisia, like the rest of the Maghreb, was (and is) inhabited by indigenous populations: the Berbers, or Amazigh (in Berber: "free men"), settled for millennia in the mountains, plains and deserts of the region. Their tribal organization and languages gave rise to a culture that resisted the waves of peoples and empires that invaded and dominated the territory (including the Arabs). In Algeria, Numidia represented the strongest political expression of this world: a Berber kingdom that became a protagonist in the wars between Carthage and Rome, allying itself either with one or the other. Figures such as Masinissa, Numidian king, marked the history of the Mediterranean, demonstrating that the local peoples were actors and not just spectators.

However, Carthage was the true protagonist of the cultural flowering of North Africa. The city was founded in the 9th century B.C. by the Phoenicians of Tyre, on the coast of what is now modern-day Carthage. B.C. by the Phoenicians from Tyre, on the coast of the present-day Lebanon (the same name Qart Hadash, in Phoenician, means "new city" or New Tyre).

From the beginning, Carthage maintained strong ties with the Phoenician motherland, inheriting the cult of the deities Baal Hammon and Tanit, nautical techniques and, above all, the Punic language, a western variant of Phoenician (a Semitic language very close to Hebrew) that continued to be spoken for centuries throughout North Africa, even after the fall of Carthage (proof of this is the Poenulus, "The Little Carthaginian", a comedy by Plautus from the 3rd-2nd century BC, in which a passage appears in Punic. St. Augustine himself, bishop of Hippo, later recalled that Punic was still spoken in North Africa).

Carthage must be destroyed

Carthage became the most powerful Phoenician colony (founding in turn other colonies, among them Cartagena, in Spain), but soon had to face a Rome also in full expansion. The three Punic Wars (3rd-2nd centuries BC) were fought precisely between the two dominant powers of the Mediterranean (and the Second War was fought by Hannibal Barca, with his famous crossing of the Alps with elephants) and led to the definitive defeat of Carthage and its end in 146 BC, at the hands of Scipio Africanus. However, on the ruins of the ancient city, Julius Caesar and then Augustus re-founded Colonia Iulia Carthago, which became one of the most splendid cities of the Empire, to which we owe rhetoricians, Fathers of the Church (not only Augustine, but also Tertullian and Cyprian of Carthage), saints and martyrs such as Perpetua and Felicitas.

Rome's victory transformed Tunisia and Algeria into flourishing African provinces (the first, later divided, was Africa Proconsularis), with the construction of famous cities and monuments (such as the amphitheater of El Jem, in Tunis, and the mosaics preserved in the Bardo museum, in Tunis: the largest collection in the world).

Homeland of St. Augustine

Augustine of Hippo (354-430) was born in this province, in Tagaste (today Souk Ahras, in Algeria, not far from the border with Tunisia), to a pagan father and a Christian mother. At a very young age, Augustine moved to Carthage, a vibrant and cosmopolitan Mediterranean metropolis full of leisures, vices, virtues, cultures and religions, to study rhetoric and spend the turbulent years of his youth there, between the theater, various passions and adherence to Manichaeism, which he himself mentions in the Confessions:

"Late I loved you, beauty so old and so new, late I loved you. Yes, because you were inside me and I was outside. There I was looking for you. Deformed, I threw myself upon the beautiful forms of your creatures."

Augustine then left for Rome and Milan, from where, after his conversion to Christianity, he returned to his homeland, this time to Hippo Regius (Hippo Regius, today Annaba, on the Algerian coast near the Tunisian border), where he was ordained priest in 391 and then bishop in 395. Hippo was the scene of his 30 years of tireless pastoral and intellectual activity, until his death in 430, during the siege of the Vandals of Genseric, of Arian faith, in a fatal moment for Roman Africa. In Annaba today stands the basilica-sanctuary of St. Augustine, built in 1900 on the hill overlooking the city.

Berbers, Arabs, Ottomans, pirates, etc.

The Vandals conquered Carthage in 439 and reigned there for a century, but in 534 the Byzantines reconquered it with the exarchate, losing it a few years later. In fact, the 7th century saw the arrival of Islam, with the foundation of Kairouan (670), the first Islamic city of the Maghreb and still today a religious center of primary importance (Tunis, instead, was born as a Punic-Roman settlement and became an Arab capital in the 9th century, while Algiers, already a Roman city, was renamed with this name in the 10th century, for the islets off its coast, in Arabic al-Jazāʾir, "the islands").

Here too, as in Libya, an interesting combination of Arab-Berber culture and Islamic mysticism (Sufism) was created, which has left important traces in local traditions. Tunisia and Algeria were also gateways for Andalusian influences: after the Reconquest in Spain, many Muslims and Jews found refuge in Tunis, Algiers and other coastal cities, bringing with them knowledge, music, culinary and architectural traditions.

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What does it mean today to be a missionary church in a secularized world?

The mission of the Church in times of secularization is not strategy or marketing, but closeness, compassion and the certainty that Christ is at work in every heart.

September 18, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

We live in a time of paradoxes. The faith that transformed continents and gave identity to entire peoples now seems to be relegated to the margins of public life. Europe, and also a good part of America, shows clear signs of secularization: empty churches, young people who no longer identify with any religion, and a growing distrust of institutions.

Faced with this panorama, many ask themselves: what is the point of talking about mission?

The temptation is to respond with nostalgia or lamentation. To recall past times when the Church marked social life, or to complain that the world no longer listens to us. But mission is not born of nostalgia, but of certainty: Christ is still alive and active. The missionary Church is not a memory, it is the very identity of the people of God. There is no other possible Church.

Today the mission is played out on a different terrain: not in the conquest of spaces, but in personal and community witness. The secularized world does not need long speeches, it needs men and women who live the faith they profess in a coherent way. To be a missionary today means to have the courage to be different without falling into arrogance, to live the joy of the Gospel in the midst of indifference.

The mission is not religious marketing either. It is not about designing expansion strategies like someone launching a new product. The mission is to go out to the encounter, like Jesus on the roads of Galilee: with compassion, closeness and truth. It is about opening spaces for listening, building bridges, showing that faith illuminates the deepest questions of the human heart.

In schools, parishes and religious communities, the mission is concretized in simple gestures: an education that forms people who are free and in solidarity; a pastoral ministry that is not limited to rites, but accompanies processes; a community that welcomes, forgives and walks with the most fragile. Mission is not measured by numbers, but by the capacity to sow hope.

The missionary Church in a secularized world is not the one that shouts the loudest, but the one that loves the most. It is the one that is not ashamed of being a minority, because it knows that the small yeast leavens the whole dough. It is not about conquering, but about serving. Not to impose, but to propose.

In short, being a missionary Church today means returning to what is essential: to proclaim with one's life that Christ is risen. And if the secularized world seems closed, all the more reason to show that the Gospel continues to be the good news capable of transforming every human heart.

The authorDiego Blázquez Bernaldo de Quirós

Lawyer. Consultant to religious congregations in wealth management, fundraising and abuse prevention protocols. Director of Custodec.

Gospel

True wealth. 25th Sunday in Ordinary Time (C)

Joseph Evans comments on the readings for Sunday 25th Sunday in Ordinary Time (C) corresponding to September 21, 2025.

Joseph Evans-September 18, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

Today's readings show us how much corruption destroys people and society. In the Gospel, Jesus tells us a curious parable about a man who cheats. Accused of "squandering" his master's goods and facing dismissal, he thinks of a trick so that, in his own words, "when I get kicked out of the administration, find someone to take me in".. He calls his master's debtors and, using the authority he has as administrator - he has not yet been dismissed - he halves or considerably reduces what the debtors owe his master.

The attitude of the debtors shows that they are complicit in the corruption of the servant. Corruption is based on corruptors and those willing to benefit from their malpractices. But those debtors would have been really stupid to hire this man after he was dismissed, because they should have realized that he would practice with them the same dishonesty that he practices with his present master. This shows us the foolishness of the "economy" that creates corruption, generating a system in which people waste time and talent. Corruption and deceit are a great waste of both.

Another form of corruption appears in the first reading: those wicked men, impatient for the religious feasts to end so they can go back to cheating the poor, who are always victims of corruption. But God knows everything. We may get away with corruption on earth (though often we don't), but we will never get away with it before God. The Gospel shows us clearly that the Master (i.e. God) is aware of his servant's swindles, and even recognizes a small part of goodness in them (his cunning).

Our Lord's words are then mysterious. He could be speaking ironically, as if to say: "You think that friends who are made with money will get you to Heaven. But they can't and won't.". But they could also have the sense that money well spent, for the sake of others, will make us friends who, if they die before us, will welcome us to Heaven.

"If you were not faithful in unrighteous wealth, who will entrust to you the true wealth?". Whatever wealth we receive comes from God. It is a tainted thing, but it can be put to good use if we use it for the good of others. True riches are eternal life. God will not give us the treasures of Heaven if we do not use well - for the good of others and honestly - the tainted treasures of earth.

Jesus concludes that we cannot "serve two masters... You cannot serve God and money."Who are we going to serve: God or money? That is the fundamental question.

The Vatican

Pope shows closeness to Palestinian people, invokes human dignity

Leo XIV today expressed his "profound closeness to the Palestinian people in Gaza, who continue to live in fear and in unacceptable conditions, forcibly displaced in their own land". In a solemn tone, "before the Almighty Lord, who has commanded not to kill," he recalled the "inviolable dignity" of every person.

Francisco Otamendi-September 17, 2025-Reading time: 3 minutes

Pope Leo made this morning in St. Peter's Square, before tens of thousands of faithful, a strong appeal for a cease-fire in Gaza and the release of the hostages. At the end of the Audiencein Italian language, on the day of his onomastics, the Pontiff showed his "profound closeness to the Palestinian people, who continue to live in fear and in unacceptable conditions, forcibly displaced in their own land". 

In a solemn tone, "before the Almighty Lord, who commanded not to kill", the Holy Father recalled, along with the whole of human history, that "every person has an inviolable dignity that must be respected and cared for".

In addition, Pope Leo renewed his "appeal for a cease-fire and the release of the hostages. To a negotiated diplomatic solution, to the full respect of the humanitarian law international. I invite everyone to join me in my prayer, so that a dawn of peace and justice may emerge as soon as possible".

"Look for another solution."

Yesterday, at the end of his stay of a few hours in Castel Gandolfo, the Pope attended to some journalists. When asked about the Gaza exodus, he confirmed that he had listened on the phone to the Gaza community and the parish priest, and explained his concern.

"Many - he said - have nowhere to go and that is why it is a concern, I also spoke with our people there, with the parish priest, for now they want to stay, they are still resisting but we really have to look for another solution."

Silence, protagonist of the catechesis

In his catechesis, Leo XIV said that "Christian hope is born of the silence of loving expectation and trusting abandonment to the will of God". In this sense, he encouraged us to discover the meaning of silence and contemplation. The word "silence" was the backbone of the catechesis.

The Pope began his meditation on the mystery of Holy Saturday and the "absence" of Christ in the tomb. It is a "waiting, it is a silence charged with meaning, like that of a mother who guards her unborn but already living child in her womb". In the Jubilee year, the series of catecheses is on 'Jesus Christ, our hope'. Today's theme was "A new tomb, in which no one had yet been laid" (John 19:40-41). 

The sense of silence and contemplation

In his words to the faithful and pilgrims of different languages, the Pontiff encouraged that "in the midst of the noise and haste in which we sometimes find ourselves, we ask the intercession of the Virgin Mary. May she teach us, as she did, to live Holy Saturday discovering the meaning of silence and contemplation".

He invited the Arabic-speaking faithful to "remember that Christian hope is born of the silence of loving expectation and trusting abandonment to the will of God. May the Lord bless you all and always protect you from all evil!"

In the same vein, he encouraged the German-speaking pilgrims to "dedicate some time each day to silence and prayer. To meet Jesus Christ, our Lord and God, and to remain always united to him".

A break full

Holy Saturday is also a day of rest, the Pope said at another time. "According to Jewish law, on the seventh day one should not work: in fact, after six days of creation, God rested (cf. Gen 2:2)." 

Now the Son, having completed his work of salvation, also rests, he has continued. "Not because he is weary, but because he has finished his work. Not because he has given up, but because he has loved to the end. There is nothing more to add. This rest is the seal of the work accomplished, it is the confirmation that what was to be done has really been accomplished. It is a rest filled with the hidden presence of the Lord".

The teaching of the Gospel: "to know how to stop".

"We find it hard to stop and rest. We live as if life is never enough. We run to produce, to demonstrate, not to lose ground. But the Gospel teaches us that knowing how to stop is a gesture of trust that we must learn to have." 

"Holy Saturday invites us to discover that life does not always depend on what we do, but also on how we say goodbye to what we have been able to do."

Christian hope "is not the fruit of euphoria, but of trusting abandonment," the Holy Father concluded. "The Virgin Mary teaches us this: she embodies this waiting, this trust, this hope. When it seems that everything stops, that life is an interrupted journey, let us remember Holy Saturday."

Intercession of St. Stanislaus of Kostka

He mentioned to the Polish language their patron saint, St. Stanislaus Kostka. "Tomorrow you will remember St. Stanislaus Kostka. May this young man of eighteen, patron of his homeland and of young people, be an example and inspiration for the new generations of believers in the search for God's will and in the courageous fulfillment of their vocation. To his intercession I entrust Poland and world peace. I bless you with all my heart".

The authorFrancisco Otamendi

Evangelization

Saints Robert Bellarmine and Hildegard of Bingen, and stigmata of St. Francis

The Jesuit Cardinal St. Robert Bellarmine and the German Benedictine mystic St. Hildegard of Bingen, doctors of the Church, are among the saints of September 17. Today the Franciscan family celebrates the imprinting of the stigmata, signs of the Passion, of St. Francis of Assisi.

Francisco Otamendi-September 17, 2025-Reading time: 2 minutes

Four hundred years after his death in 1621, the saintliness of St. Robert Bellarmine "continues to illuminate history by speaking of Christ and his love for the Church." Canonized in 1930, he became a Doctor of the Church the following year, the Vatican agency writes. The Church also celebrates the saint and Doctor of the Church on September 17. Hildegard of BingenBenedictine abbess and mystic, advisor to princes, popes and emperors.

St. Robert Bellarmine (1542-1621), with two "l "s according to the Jesuit website (Bellarmine) was an intellectual, theologian and fearless defender of the faith during the controversies of the Reformation. As a cardinal he served three popes, who appreciated his wisdom and sage advice. 

Cardinal Bellarmine took advantage of the annual exercises, which he extended for up to 30 days each year, to write books on spirituality. When the new Pope Paul V was elected on May 16, 1605, he asked the cardinal to reside in Rome, where he worked for various Vatican dicasteries. After his death and funeral, his body was transferred in 1823 to the Church of St. Ignatius.

Hildegard of Bingen, mystic and all-rounder 

The Benedictine Abbess Hildegard of Bingen was born in Bermesheim, Germany, in 1098. She was the last of ten children, and a woman of great intelligence. In spite of her delicate health, she reached the age of 81 with a life full of work. She had excellent biblical and liturgical training, in philosophy, natural sciences and music.

Her visions, transcribed in notes and later in books, made her famous. On the mountain of St. Rupert, near Bingen, on the banks of the Rhine, Hildegard founded the first monastery. And in 1165, the second, on the opposite bank of the river. In 2012 she was declared Doctor of the Universal Church by Benedict XVI, who dedicated to her a Apostolic letter.

Stigmata of St. Francis of Assisi

"From the month of September 1224 to the present day, eight centuries have passed, as the celebration of this centennial memorial reminds us." noted the Franciscans. In fact, the Franciscan family, and the whole Church, then celebrated the eight centuries of the reception of the Franciscans by St. Francis of Assisi of the "signs of the Passion" of the crucified Christ. 

With them he was marked on the holy mountain of La Verna (Province of Arezzo in Italy). When St. Francis came down from the mountain, he carried on his body the effigy of the Crucified One engraved in his flesh. Not by an artist, but by the hand of the living God (St. Bonaventure).

The authorFrancisco Otamendi